明代戏曲研究家潘之恒论演员的艺术素质,有“才、慧、致”之说。谓“人之以技自负者,其才、慧、致三者,每不能兼。有才而无慧,其才不灵;有慧而无致,其慧不颖;颖之能立见,自古罕矣！”我理解:“才”指天赋条件（嗓音、身材、扮相等）;“慧”指智慧,即悟性、灵气、艺术感觉; Pan Zhiheng, a drama researcher in the Ming Dynasty, talked about the artist’s artistic qualities as “talent, wisdom and understanding.” That is, “people who have the means to conceal, the only, wisdom, caused by the three, each can not be both talented and without wisdom, which was not working; there is no wisdom, its wisdom is not Ying; Since ancient times, it is a rarity! ”I understand that“ talent ”refers to the natural conditions (voice, figure, disguise, etc.);“ wisdom ”means wisdom,