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现代轿车用在喷式柴油机对燃油喷射系统的工作性能和使用灵活性提出了极严格的要求。本文介绍了德国汉诺威大学提出的一种共轨式喷射系统。在此系统中,由于供油和燃油计量是分开的,从而为在广泛工况范围内改善性能提供了先决条件。方案的要点是将无压力室式喷油嘴与压电传感器组合起来,前者作为流通截面的控制元件,后者用较高的力迅速而直接地控制喷油嘴针阀的升程。 借助于有限元法模拟了喷油嘴内的燃油流动,证实了无压力室式喷油嘴用作为计量阀的适应性。与常规喷射系统相比,特别是在高转速工况和实现预喷射方面,新型电控喷射系统有明显的优点。
Hyundai sedans use extreme pressure requirements for the performance and flexibility of fuel injection systems used in injection-type diesel engines. This article presents a common rail injection system proposed by Hannover University in Germany. In this system, as the fueling and fuel metering are separated, this provides the precondition for improving performance over a wide range of operating conditions. The main point of the solution is the combination of a pressureless chamber injector with a piezoelectric sensor, the former acting as a control element for the flow cross section, and the latter controlling the lift of the nozzle needle quickly and directly with a higher force. The fuel flow in the injector was modeled by means of the finite element method, which confirmed the adaptability of the pressureless chamber injector as a metering valve. Compared with the conventional injection system, especially in high-speed conditions and the realization of the pre-injection spray, the new electronic control injection system has obvious advantages.