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水下爆炸在极短的时间内产生巨大的冲击加速度,引起舰船上人员严重损伤,大大降低人员的作业能力。对人体冲击损伤程度的评估是评价舰船作业能力的重要依据。由于人群的广泛差异性,导致人体对冲击的耐受能力具有广泛差异性,不同的个体发生特定类型的损伤时的阈值水平也是不同的。总结了在舰船冲击损伤研究领域经常使用的各种人体冲击损伤评估方法,并提出了评估整个人体冲击损伤程度的流程。目前在使用这些评估方法在进行冲击损伤预测时需要专家的指导和参与,确定适当的个体或环境参数。对于每一个具体问题,最好采用多个耐受性标准和评估方法进行交叉引用或前后对照,才能得到比较可靠的评估结果。
Underwater explosion in a very short period of time have a huge impact acceleration, causing serious damage to the ship’s personnel, greatly reducing the operational capacity of personnel. The assessment of the extent of human impact damage is an important basis for evaluating the operational capability of a ship. Due to the wide range of population differences, leading to the human body has a wide range of tolerance to impact tolerance, different individuals when a particular type of injury threshold level is also different. The methods for assessing impact damage of human body, which are often used in the research of ship impact damage, are summarized. The procedure of assessing the impact damage of the whole body is proposed. The current use of these assessment methods requires expert guidance and involvement in impact damage prediction to determine the appropriate individual or environmental parameters. For each specific problem, it is best to use multiple tolerance criteria and assessment methods for cross-references or before and after the comparison, in order to get more reliable assessment results.