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在妇科肿瘤中,随着细胞学诊断的发展,能早期诊断子宫颈癌,死亡率也逐年下降。目前卵巢癌的早期诊断仍较困难,剖腹时发现有约60%患者已扩散到卵巢以外,因此近十余年来,卵巢恶性肿瘤的死亡率未下降,卵巢癌早期诊断困难原因有:(1)对盆腔器官缺乏直接观察检查方法;(2)一般无自觉症状;(3)除特殊性肿瘤外,多为上皮性肿瘤,肿瘤标记很少。因此,妇产科医师对绝经后妇女应6个月行一次盆腔检查,有报告即使细心对无症状妇女进行双合诊普查,卵巢瘤的检出率约是0.1‰,此外,患者入院诊断时60～80%有盆腔扩散。为此,Baaber 和 Graber 介绍了绝经期后可触及卵巢综合征(Postmenopausal palpable ova-ry syndrome,简称 PMPO 综合征),作为早期卵巢癌筛选法。
In gynecological tumors, with the development of cytological diagnosis, early diagnosis of cervical cancer, mortality also declined year by year. At present, the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer is still difficult. About 60% of the patients have been found to have spread beyond the ovary during the laparotomy. Therefore, the mortality of ovarian cancer has not decreased in the recent ten years. The causes of early diagnosis of ovarian cancer are as follows: ) The lack of direct observation of pelvic organs examination; (2) generally no symptoms; (3) In addition to special tumor, mostly epithelial tumors, tumor markers rarely. Therefore, obstetricians and gynecologists in postmenopausal women should be a 6-month pelvic examination performed, there are reports even careful asymptomatic women double checkup survey, the detection rate of ovarian cancer is about 0.1 ‰, in addition, the patient admitted to the hospital 60 ~ 80% have pelvic spread. To this end, Baaber and Graber introduced postmenopausal palpable ova-ry syndrome (PMPO syndrome) as an early ovarian cancer screening method.