海上货物运输合同承运人是重要的一方当事人,其责任制度是该合同的重要组成部分。目前在归责原则、免责事由、责任期间、举证责任分配方面均存在理论争议。本文在探明学者们的主流观点后,尝试对其加以评析并提出自己的意见。 The carrier of the contract of carriage of goods by sea is an important party and its liability system is an important part of the contract. At present, there are theoretical controversies in the principle of imputation, the reasons for exemption, the period of responsibility, and the distribution of the burden of proof. After exploring the mainstream ideas of scholars, this article attempts to evaluate and put forward their opinions.