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目的了解新疆和田地区维吾尔族中小学生对肥胖预防认知和相关行为形成情况,为今后有针对性地开展健康干预提供支持。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法在和田地区所有中、小学中各随机抽取10所学校,共调查20所学校的全体维吾尔族中小学生5 426名,对其进行肥胖相关意识和行为及家庭生活环境方面的调查。结果维吾尔族不同体重状况小学生在正确选择健康食品、食用食品、降低体重的方式方面相比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为11.02,12.14,14.24,P值均<0.01)。维吾尔族中学生在晚饭前后吃零食和休息前0.5 h经常加餐方面不同体重状况学生报告率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为18.11,24.22,P值均<0.01)外,其他方面差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。维吾尔族小学生肥胖组家长希望学生多吃水果蔬菜的人数比例为93.23%,高于超重组(90.98%)和正常组(80.2%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=14.67,P<0.01)。小学生肥胖组其一方或双方父母偏胖的人数比例为45.85%,超重组为38.40%,正常组为29.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=18.21,P<0.01);中学生方面也存在同样的趋势,并且3组相比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=35.21,P<0.01)。结论应进一步重视中小学生肥胖有关健康意识到行为的转变,同时保障行为的可持续发展。
Objective To understand the prevention and control of obesity among Uighur primary and secondary school students in Hetian area and to provide relevant support for the targeted health intervention in future. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 10 schools from all primary and secondary schools in Hetian. A total of 5 426 Uyghur primary and secondary school students from 20 schools were surveyed, and their obesity-related awareness and behavior and family life environment Aspects of the investigation. Results There were significant differences among the Uygur pupils with different weight status in correctly selecting healthy foods, consuming food and reducing body weight (χ2 = 11.02, 12.14, 14.24, P <0.01 respectively). Uyghur middle school students had snacks before and after dinner and 0.5 h before rest. There was significant difference in reporting rate of students with different weight status on regular meals (χ ~ 2 = 18.11,24.22, P <0.01), while other aspects The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The percentage of students who eat more fruits and vegetables in Uygur pupil group was 93.23%, higher than those in overweight group (90.98%) and normal group (80.2%), the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 14.67, P <0.01 ). Pupils obesity group, one or both parents overweight the proportion of 45.85%, overweight group was 38.40%, the normal group was 29.81%, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 18.21, P <0.01); also exist in secondary school The same tendency was observed, and there was significant difference between the three groups (χ ~ 2 = 35.21, P <0.01). Conclusions Should pay more attention to primary and secondary obesity related to health awareness of behavior changes, while ensuring the sustainable development of behavior.