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地下工程研究的对象是岩体,而长期以来在隧道和地下工程的设计和施工中,并没有充分考虑和认识到岩体的这些作用(即作为承载体的结构作用,作为材料的工程性质,以及作为荷载的主要效应),而把重点放在支护结构的设计和计算上.众所周知,在开挖前岩体处于三向应力状态,具有较高的承载能力,在开挖过程中,承载条件有了改变,从三向应力状态变成双向应力状态,使岩体的承载能力有了显著降低.其次,开挖洞室后,岩体发生松
The object of underground engineering research is rock mass. For a long time, these functions of rock mass have not been fully considered and recognized in the design and construction of tunnels and underground works (that is, the structure function as a carrier, the engineering property as a material, And as the main effect of the load), with a focus on the design and calculation of the support structure.It is well known that before rock excavation, the rock mass is in a three-dimensional stress state and has a high carrying capacity. During excavation, The conditions have changed from three-state stress state to two-way stress state, so that the bearing capacity of rock mass has been significantly reduced.Secondly, after excavation of caverns, rock mass pine