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本文通过定性与定量相结合的方法探讨了创业对我国就业的影响。具体的做法是,首先建立一个古典的、包容创业因素的就业决定模型;之后,以此为基础用中国的数据进行计量分析。最后得出两点重要结论:一是创业人数的增加会伴随着当期就业数量的下降。其原因是失业的增加会促使一些个体放弃找工作的念头转而进行创业;二是创业产生的企业通常在经过两年的经营之后,才会产生较强的劳动力需求。具体而言,创业人数每增加1%,会使就业人数在两年后增加大约0.03个百分点。
This article explores the impact of entrepreneurship on China's employment through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The concrete approach is to first establish a classic employment decision model that embraces the entrepreneurial factors, and then use it as a basis for the econometric analysis with China's data. At last, two important conclusions are drawn: First, the increase of entrepreneurship will be accompanied by the decrease of the current employment amount. The reason is that the increase of unemployment will prompt some individuals to abandon the idea of finding a job instead of starting a business. Second, enterprises that start a business usually produce strong labor demand after two years of operation. Specifically, for every 1% increase in the number of start-ups, the number of employed people will increase by about 0.03 percentage point in two years.