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目的研究脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗株病毒阳性病例的流行病学特征。方法对甘肃省2001~2003年相关资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果从331例急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例的316例粪便标本中,检出脊灰病毒16例,检出率5.06%,均为脊灰疫苗相关株病毒。病例散在发生,无聚集性。所有病例年龄≤5岁。临床表现以发热、腹泻、肢体感觉障碍、深部腱反射减弱或消失为主。麻痹部位以单下肢和双下肢为主,分离出Ⅱ型脊灰病毒的病例残留麻痹最多。疫苗相关麻痹型脊灰(VAPP)的发生率0.87/100万,其中首次服苗后为0.98/100万,接触服苗者为0.50/100万。结论无脊灰维持阶段,VAPP、疫苗重组脊灰病毒(VRPV)和疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(VDPV)导致的病例不容忽视,保持高质量的监测和高水平接种率均是重要的。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of polio-positive cases of polio (polio) vaccine strains. Methods The epidemiological analysis of related data in Gansu Province from 2001 to 2003 was carried out. Results From 316 cases of AFP cases, 16 cases of poliovirus were detected, the detection rate was 5.06%, all of which were poliovirus-associated strains. Occurrence of cases, no aggregation. All cases of age ≤ 5 years old. Clinical manifestations of fever, diarrhea, limb sensory disturbances, deep tendon reflexes weakened or disappeared. Paralysis site to a single lower limb and lower extremity mainly isolated cases of type Ⅱ poliovirus residue paralysis up. The incidence of vaccine-associated paralytic poliovirus (VAPP) was 0.87 / 1 million, with 0.98 / 1 million after the first dose of service-taking and 0.50 / 1 million people receiving contact vaccine. Conclusions During the period of polio-free maintenance, the cases caused by VAPP, vaccine recombinant poliovirus (VRPV) and vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) should not be overlooked. It is important to maintain high quality monitoring and high vaccination rates.