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目的了解重庆市人群脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)中和抗体水平,发现脊灰免疫薄弱环节。方法根据重庆地域分布特征,随机缺陷取3个区县,每个区县7个年龄组,分别为<1岁,1～2岁,3～4岁,5～6岁,7～14岁,15～19岁,≥20岁,每个年龄组随机抽取30名对象开展血清学检测和问卷调查。结果共调查629名对象:①Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型脊灰抗体几何平均值(GMT)分别为1∶77.86、1∶76.5、1∶26.41,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型脊灰抗体阳性率分别为85.85%、90.78%、73.29%。②各型抗体GMT均随年龄增长呈明显下降的趋势。③男性Ⅰ、Ⅱ型脊灰抗体水平较女性高。④有疫苗免疫史人群各型抗体GMT和阳性率比无免疫史和不详的人群高。⑤Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型脊灰抗体阳性率在地域分布上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论调查地区人群脊灰中和抗体阳性率70.00%以上、GMT总体保持在较高水平,但是各型抗体GMT均随年龄增长呈明显下降的趋势;在经济地理环境较差的地区,应加强脊灰疫苗接种的质量评价;针对大年龄儿童及成人适时开展补充免疫等措施保持人群较高的免疫水平。
Objective To understand the level of neutralizing antibodies against poliomyelitis (poliomyelitis) in Chongqing population and to find out the weak link of polio immunity. Methods According to the geographical distribution of Chongqing, random defects were collected from 3 districts and counties and 7 districts in each district, which were respectively 1 year old, 1 ~ 2 years old, 3 ~ 4 years old, 5 ~ 6 years old, 7 ~ 14 years old, 15 to 19 years old, ≥ 20 years old, 30 subjects were randomly selected from each age group to carry out serological tests and questionnaires. Results A total of 629 subjects were investigated: ①The mean GMTs of type Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were respectively 1: 77.86, 1: 76.5 and 1: 26.41, the positive rates of type Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 85.85 %, 90.78%, 73.29%. ② all types of antibody GMT showed a significant decline with age trend. Â ’¢ male I, â ... ¡type of antibody levels higher in women than women. ④ vaccine immunization history of various types of antibodies in human populations GMT and positive rate than the history of no immunization and unknown crowd high. ⑤ The positive rate of type I and type III antibodies in the geographical distribution of the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The positive rate of neutralizing antibodies against polio in the surveyed areas is over 70.00%, while the GMT is generally maintained at a relatively high level. However, the GMTs of all types of antibodies tend to decrease with age. In the areas with poor economic and geographical environment, the ridges should be strengthened Gray vaccine vaccination quality evaluation; for children of older age and adults in a timely manner to carry out supplementary immunization and other measures to maintain a higher population immunization level.