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本研究以八倍体小偃麦—小偃7430和普通小麦品种—鲁麦1号为亲本,对其杂种的三个自交世代(F_1、F_2、F_3)的细胞遗传学进行了研究。从对小偃7430与鲁麦1号自交后代植株花粉母细胞减数分裂中染色体行为的分析表明,从杂种F_1开始,随自交世代的增进,杂种后代植株染色体数逐渐减少,植株染色体数越多,减数分裂中期I单价体出现频数,多价体出现类型及频数也越多,但二价体出现的个数基本稳定在21个左右。另外,从染色体数目较多的杂种F_2代植株中选出了一株二体异附加材料;从F_3代植株中选出了一株花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I染色体构型基本稳定为21个二价体的普通小麦材料,初步实现了将偃麦草的某些特异染色体或基因导入普通小麦遗传背景的目的。
In this study, the cytogenetics of three selfing generations (F_1, F_2, F_3) of hybrids were studied with the parents of the eight - year - old plants of the genotype “Triticum aestivum - Xiaoyan 7430” and the common wheat variety “Lumai 1” Chromosome behavior in meiosis of pollen mother cells of selfing offspring of Xiaoyan 7430 and Lumai 1 showed that the number of chromosomes of hybrid progeny decreased gradually with the selfing crosses, The more the frequency of occurrence of monovalent I in meiotic metaphase, the more types and frequency of occurrence of polyvalent, but the number of occurrence of bivalent is stable at about 21. In addition, a two-body-specific additional material was selected from F_2 generation with more chromosomes. The chromosome configuration of a meiotic metaphase I chromosome from F_3 generation was basically stable The bivalent common wheat material initially achieved the goal of introducing some specific chromosomes or genes into the common wheat genetic background.