论文部分内容阅读
单词知识
1. scientific adj. 科学的，细致严谨的； science n. 科学；scientist n. 科学家
2. therefore adv. 因此，所以
3. lighting n. 光线，照明； light n. 光，灯；adj. 轻的（反义词：heavy）； 浅色的（反义词：darken）
4. hard adj. 坚硬的，坚固的（反义词：soft）；
困难的（同义词：difficult，反义词：easy）
5. serve v. 服务，招待； servant n. 仆人，佣人； service n. 接待，服务
6． fair adj. 公平的，公道的（反义词：unfair），相当好的，不错的
7. endangered adj. 有绝种危险的，濒临灭绝的；endanger v. 使遭危险，危及，危害
8. mysterious adj. 神秘的，不可思议的； mysteriously adv. 神秘地； mystery n.神秘的事物，奥秘
9. shiny adj. 有光泽的，发亮的； shine v. 发光，反光，照耀
10. skin n. 皮，皮肤；v. 剥去……的皮
11. beauty n. 美，美貌；beautiful adj.美丽的；
beautifully adv. 美好地，漂亮地，美妙地
12． advertise n. 广告，广告活动，广告业； advertise v. 做广告，登广告； advertisement n. 广告，启事
13. list v. 列举，举出，列于表上； n. 一览表，名单，目录
14. misleading adj. 令人误解的，骗人的；
mislead v. 错误引领，使……有错误的想法，哄骗
15． lead v. 引领，领导；n. 领先地位；
leader n. 领导者，领袖
16. guilty adj. 内疚的，有罪的； guilt n. 内疚，悔恨
17. thought n. 思想，想法，考虑，关心；
thoughtful adj. 沉思的，深思的，思考的
18. count v. 有价值，重要，有用；v. 数数
短语小结
1. stressed out 焦虑不安的，疲惫不堪的
2. make sb. adj. 使某人处于某种状态
3. make sb. do sth. 使某人做……
4． wait for ... 等待……
5. so ... that ... 如此……以致于……
6. have fun = enjoy oneself =have a good time
玩得开心
7. make money 赚钱
8． learn sth. from sb. / sth. 向……学习……
9． heavy traffic 繁忙的交通
10. keep sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事
11． keep out 使不进入，使留在外面
12． aim at 瞄准，对准
13． pros and cons 利与弊，正面与反面，赞成与反对
14． to start with首先，起初，开始时
15． for instance = for example 例如
16. at times 时常； in time 及时； on time 准时，按时
17. leave sb. a message/note 给某人留言/便条
leave sth. 介词短语把某物忘在某处
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事
18． prefer to do sth. 宁可……；宁愿……/ 更喜欢做
……=would rather do sth. than do sth.=like ... better than
考点航导
1． I’d rather go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant ... 我寧愿去Blue Lagoon餐厅，……
... some people would rather just give money.……有些人宁愿只给钱。
【精讲】 would rather意为“宁愿……”，表示句子主语的愿望、选择，后接省去to的不定式。
如果表示“宁愿（可）……也不愿……”则用句型would rather ... than ...。在would rather和than后面所连接的两个对比部分的成分要一致。
【中考链接】 —Shall we climb Dongbao Hill this weekend?
—I would rather ________ at home than ________. (2008湖北省荆门市)
A. staying; go out B. stay; go out
C. to stay; to go out D. stay; going out
2． ... small restaurants can serve many people every day. ……小餐馆每天可以接待很多顾客。
【精讲】 句中的serve 有“服侍，侍候，招待”的意思，常用于以下结构中：
(1) serve 宾语
They were busy serving the day’s last buyers.他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。
(2)serve sb. sth, 或serve sth. to sb.
Mrs Turner served us a very good dinner.
=Mrs Turner served a very good dinner to us.
特纳太太招待我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
(3)serve sb. with sth.
We served them with beer and wine. 我们用啤酒和葡萄酒招待他们。
【中考链接】 Afternoon tea is ______ in the dining room from 3 to 5 p.m. every day. (2007浙江省杭州市)
A. served B. burned C. cooked D. eaten
3． For instance, they can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really need. 例如，它们能够帮助你比较两件不同的产品，以便使你能够买到真正需要的那一件。
【精讲】 so that 在此引导目的状语从句，意为“以便于、为了”，从句中通常带有may, can, could 等情态动词。
so that 还可引导结果状语从句，意为“以致于、结果”，从句中一般不含情态动词。
【中考链接】 —What would some students like to do after finishing their education?
—They would like to start to work ______ they needn’t depend on their parents completely. (2008山东省青岛市)
A. as soon as B. so thatC. beforeD. while
4.Here are some things they’ve learned from scientific studies. 这儿是一些他们从科学研究中学到的东西。
【精讲】 learn from是一个习惯搭配，意为“向……学习”，名词、代词、名词性词组等可以作它的宾语。
【中考链接】 We should ______ the heroes who have contributed their share in Wenchuan. (2008山东省宁阳市)
A. come from B. learn from C. get from
5. Many ads are aimed specially at teenagers. 很多广告是特别针对年轻人的。
【精讲】 aim at意为“瞄准”、“针对”， 介词at常放在一些不及物动词后连接动作的对象。
拓展：aim 用作动词还可用句型aim sth. at sth./sb. 意为“把……对准”。aim也可用作名词，意为“目的，目标”。
—This book ______ educating teenagers. Would you like to buy it?
—Yes, I’ll take it. (2006福建省漳州市)
A. aims at B. depends on C. gives out D. sets up
6． When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me. 当我离开家的时候，我忘记把它带着了。
【精讲】 forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事（事情还没有做）”，而forget doing sth.意为“忘了做过某事（事情已经做了）”。
【中考链接】 Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot ______ him for his telephone number. (2008天津市)
A. ask B. asking C. and ask D. to ask
7． At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. 有时候，广告能够让你去买根本不需要的东西。
【精讲】 at times意为“有时、偶尔”，与sometimes意思相近。not ... at all意为“一点也不……”。
【中考链接】 1) It’s rather cold in most of south China ________ in spring. （2008江苏省无锡市）
A. on time B. at a time
C. at times D. all the time
2) 根据所给汉语完成下列句子。
有时一个广告会使你买一些你根本不需要的东西。(2008湖北省宜昌市)
At times an advertisement can lead you to buy something _______________________.
8． Restaurant owners have to know how to make food. 餐馆老板必须懂得如何做饭。
【精讲】 how to make food是一个带疑问词的不定式结构，这种结构可以在句子中作宾语、主语、表语或状语。例如：
【中考链接】 There were so many nice pens on the counter. I had no idea ______. (2008山东省东平市)
A. how to buy B. when to buy
C. which one to buy
9． It is true that some ads can be very useful. 的确，有些广告是很有用的。
【精讲】 这是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句，it在句中是形式主语，代替that引导的真正主语。
【中考链接】 ______ very important for us to learn English because it is an international language now. (2006 宁夏)
A. It is B. It C. That D. This
10． I need a new jacket. This one doesn’t keep out the cold. 我需要一件新夹克。这件不再挡寒。
【精讲】 keep out意为“（使）不进入；（使）留在外面”，out是副词,名词作其宾语时，可位于副词之前或之后，人称代词作其宾语时，只能位于副词之前，所以，本句也可以说成：This one doesn’t keep the cold out.
【中考链接】 —The windows are broken and need to be repaired.
—I think so. They can hardly ______ the cold. （2006福建省福州市課改区）
A. keep out B. give out C. take out D. put out
Keys: 1~5 BABBA 6. D 7.1) C 2) that /which you don’t need at all 8~10 CAA
语法在线
1. make的用法
1)make sb. / sth. adj.
2)make sb. / sth. do sth.
2. 谈论感受
能力迁移
本单元主要学习外界事物如声音、颜色、天气、语言、表情、态度等对人的情绪所产生的影响。正确处理一些实际问题，养成积极向上、健康快乐的生活习惯，排除消极的、不文明的生活态度。能通过英文广告词、海报等学习英语。
写作训练营
话题： Many things can affect people’s mood.（许多事物能影响人们的情绪。）
素材提供：
● 词语提示：
affect 影响；attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意；soft colors 柔和的颜色；a round and bright moon 皓白的满月；get together 团聚；feel lonely 感到孤独；good weather 好天气；on the contrary 相反地；bad weather 坏天气
● 句型提示：
1. Many things such as ...諸如……等许多事物……。
2. A round and bright moon makes people who ... even more lonely.皓白的满月让……的人们感到更加孤独。
实战演练：
诸如颜色、月亮、环境、天气等许多事物都能影响人们的情绪。 列表如下：
请你根据上述材料（可适当扩展），并结合“素材提供”所给的信息以Many things can affect people’s mood，为题写一篇70词左右的短文。
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
One possible version:
Many things such as colors, the moon, the environment and the weather can affect people’s mood. Here are some examples: Red color can attract people’s attention most easily. It can also make people feel hungry. Soft colors, like white and green, make people relaxed, so the walls of school and hospitals are usually painted green or white. A round and bright moon makes people who can’t get together with his or her family even feel more lonely. Quiet environment makes people comfortable. On the contrary, noisy environment makes people feel bored easily. Bad weather makes people feel sad while good weather makes people feel happy.
1. scientific adj. 科学的，细致严谨的； science n. 科学；scientist n. 科学家
2. therefore adv. 因此，所以
3. lighting n. 光线，照明； light n. 光，灯；adj. 轻的（反义词：heavy）； 浅色的（反义词：darken）
4. hard adj. 坚硬的，坚固的（反义词：soft）；
困难的（同义词：difficult，反义词：easy）
5. serve v. 服务，招待； servant n. 仆人，佣人； service n. 接待，服务
6． fair adj. 公平的，公道的（反义词：unfair），相当好的，不错的
7. endangered adj. 有绝种危险的，濒临灭绝的；endanger v. 使遭危险，危及，危害
8. mysterious adj. 神秘的，不可思议的； mysteriously adv. 神秘地； mystery n.神秘的事物，奥秘
9. shiny adj. 有光泽的，发亮的； shine v. 发光，反光，照耀
10. skin n. 皮，皮肤；v. 剥去……的皮
11. beauty n. 美，美貌；beautiful adj.美丽的；
beautifully adv. 美好地，漂亮地，美妙地
12． advertise n. 广告，广告活动，广告业； advertise v. 做广告，登广告； advertisement n. 广告，启事
13. list v. 列举，举出，列于表上； n. 一览表，名单，目录
14. misleading adj. 令人误解的，骗人的；
mislead v. 错误引领，使……有错误的想法，哄骗
15． lead v. 引领，领导；n. 领先地位；
leader n. 领导者，领袖
16. guilty adj. 内疚的，有罪的； guilt n. 内疚，悔恨
17. thought n. 思想，想法，考虑，关心；
thoughtful adj. 沉思的，深思的，思考的
18. count v. 有价值，重要，有用；v. 数数
短语小结
1. stressed out 焦虑不安的，疲惫不堪的
2. make sb. adj. 使某人处于某种状态
3. make sb. do sth. 使某人做……
4． wait for ... 等待……
5. so ... that ... 如此……以致于……
6. have fun = enjoy oneself =have a good time
玩得开心
7. make money 赚钱
8． learn sth. from sb. / sth. 向……学习……
9． heavy traffic 繁忙的交通
10. keep sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事
11． keep out 使不进入，使留在外面
12． aim at 瞄准，对准
13． pros and cons 利与弊，正面与反面，赞成与反对
14． to start with首先，起初，开始时
15． for instance = for example 例如
16. at times 时常； in time 及时； on time 准时，按时
17. leave sb. a message/note 给某人留言/便条
leave sth. 介词短语把某物忘在某处
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事
18． prefer to do sth. 宁可……；宁愿……/ 更喜欢做
……=would rather do sth. than do sth.=like ... better than
考点航导
1． I’d rather go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant ... 我寧愿去Blue Lagoon餐厅，……
... some people would rather just give money.……有些人宁愿只给钱。
【精讲】 would rather意为“宁愿……”，表示句子主语的愿望、选择，后接省去to的不定式。
如果表示“宁愿（可）……也不愿……”则用句型would rather ... than ...。在would rather和than后面所连接的两个对比部分的成分要一致。
【中考链接】 —Shall we climb Dongbao Hill this weekend?
—I would rather ________ at home than ________. (2008湖北省荆门市)
A. staying; go out B. stay; go out
C. to stay; to go out D. stay; going out
2． ... small restaurants can serve many people every day. ……小餐馆每天可以接待很多顾客。
【精讲】 句中的serve 有“服侍，侍候，招待”的意思，常用于以下结构中：
(1) serve 宾语
They were busy serving the day’s last buyers.他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。
(2)serve sb. sth, 或serve sth. to sb.
Mrs Turner served us a very good dinner.
=Mrs Turner served a very good dinner to us.
特纳太太招待我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
(3)serve sb. with sth.
We served them with beer and wine. 我们用啤酒和葡萄酒招待他们。
【中考链接】 Afternoon tea is ______ in the dining room from 3 to 5 p.m. every day. (2007浙江省杭州市)
A. served B. burned C. cooked D. eaten
3． For instance, they can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really need. 例如，它们能够帮助你比较两件不同的产品，以便使你能够买到真正需要的那一件。
【精讲】 so that 在此引导目的状语从句，意为“以便于、为了”，从句中通常带有may, can, could 等情态动词。
so that 还可引导结果状语从句，意为“以致于、结果”，从句中一般不含情态动词。
【中考链接】 —What would some students like to do after finishing their education?
—They would like to start to work ______ they needn’t depend on their parents completely. (2008山东省青岛市)
A. as soon as B. so thatC. beforeD. while
4.Here are some things they’ve learned from scientific studies. 这儿是一些他们从科学研究中学到的东西。
【精讲】 learn from是一个习惯搭配，意为“向……学习”，名词、代词、名词性词组等可以作它的宾语。
【中考链接】 We should ______ the heroes who have contributed their share in Wenchuan. (2008山东省宁阳市)
A. come from B. learn from C. get from
5. Many ads are aimed specially at teenagers. 很多广告是特别针对年轻人的。
【精讲】 aim at意为“瞄准”、“针对”， 介词at常放在一些不及物动词后连接动作的对象。
拓展：aim 用作动词还可用句型aim sth. at sth./sb. 意为“把……对准”。aim也可用作名词，意为“目的，目标”。
—This book ______ educating teenagers. Would you like to buy it?
—Yes, I’ll take it. (2006福建省漳州市)
A. aims at B. depends on C. gives out D. sets up
6． When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me. 当我离开家的时候，我忘记把它带着了。
【精讲】 forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事（事情还没有做）”，而forget doing sth.意为“忘了做过某事（事情已经做了）”。
【中考链接】 Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot ______ him for his telephone number. (2008天津市)
A. ask B. asking C. and ask D. to ask
7． At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. 有时候，广告能够让你去买根本不需要的东西。
【精讲】 at times意为“有时、偶尔”，与sometimes意思相近。not ... at all意为“一点也不……”。
【中考链接】 1) It’s rather cold in most of south China ________ in spring. （2008江苏省无锡市）
A. on time B. at a time
C. at times D. all the time
2) 根据所给汉语完成下列句子。
有时一个广告会使你买一些你根本不需要的东西。(2008湖北省宜昌市)
At times an advertisement can lead you to buy something _______________________.
8． Restaurant owners have to know how to make food. 餐馆老板必须懂得如何做饭。
【精讲】 how to make food是一个带疑问词的不定式结构，这种结构可以在句子中作宾语、主语、表语或状语。例如：
【中考链接】 There were so many nice pens on the counter. I had no idea ______. (2008山东省东平市)
A. how to buy B. when to buy
C. which one to buy
9． It is true that some ads can be very useful. 的确，有些广告是很有用的。
【精讲】 这是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句，it在句中是形式主语，代替that引导的真正主语。
【中考链接】 ______ very important for us to learn English because it is an international language now. (2006 宁夏)
A. It is B. It C. That D. This
10． I need a new jacket. This one doesn’t keep out the cold. 我需要一件新夹克。这件不再挡寒。
【精讲】 keep out意为“（使）不进入；（使）留在外面”，out是副词,名词作其宾语时，可位于副词之前或之后，人称代词作其宾语时，只能位于副词之前，所以，本句也可以说成：This one doesn’t keep the cold out.
【中考链接】 —The windows are broken and need to be repaired.
—I think so. They can hardly ______ the cold. （2006福建省福州市課改区）
A. keep out B. give out C. take out D. put out
Keys: 1~5 BABBA 6. D 7.1) C 2) that /which you don’t need at all 8~10 CAA
语法在线
1. make的用法
1)make sb. / sth. adj.
2)make sb. / sth. do sth.
2. 谈论感受
能力迁移
本单元主要学习外界事物如声音、颜色、天气、语言、表情、态度等对人的情绪所产生的影响。正确处理一些实际问题，养成积极向上、健康快乐的生活习惯，排除消极的、不文明的生活态度。能通过英文广告词、海报等学习英语。
写作训练营
话题： Many things can affect people’s mood.（许多事物能影响人们的情绪。）
素材提供：
● 词语提示：
affect 影响；attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意；soft colors 柔和的颜色；a round and bright moon 皓白的满月；get together 团聚；feel lonely 感到孤独；good weather 好天气；on the contrary 相反地；bad weather 坏天气
● 句型提示：
1. Many things such as ...諸如……等许多事物……。
2. A round and bright moon makes people who ... even more lonely.皓白的满月让……的人们感到更加孤独。
实战演练：
诸如颜色、月亮、环境、天气等许多事物都能影响人们的情绪。 列表如下：
请你根据上述材料（可适当扩展），并结合“素材提供”所给的信息以Many things can affect people’s mood，为题写一篇70词左右的短文。
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
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One possible version:
Many things such as colors, the moon, the environment and the weather can affect people’s mood. Here are some examples: Red color can attract people’s attention most easily. It can also make people feel hungry. Soft colors, like white and green, make people relaxed, so the walls of school and hospitals are usually painted green or white. A round and bright moon makes people who can’t get together with his or her family even feel more lonely. Quiet environment makes people comfortable. On the contrary, noisy environment makes people feel bored easily. Bad weather makes people feel sad while good weather makes people feel happy.