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目的分析青海省2013-2015年新发现HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus,HIV)抗体阳性者的CD4~+T淋巴细胞免疫水平,为全省HIV/AIDS(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes,AIDS)病例的抗病毒治疗提供科学依据。方法采用流式细胞术对检测对象的抗凝全血样本进行CD4~+T和CD8~+T淋巴细胞绝对值检测,并计算CD4~+/CD8~+比值。使用Excel 2007和SPSS 20.0统计软件整理和分析试验结果。结果 641例新发现艾滋病抗体阳性者中,男性占85.5%,女性占14.5%,18~45岁的青壮年为占79.6%;检测对象的首次CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数均值为(362.3±200.5)个/μl,其中≤350个/μl的占52.3%。CD4~+/CD8~+比值平均为(0.38±0.28),CD4~+/CD8~+比值<0.5的占77.8%;30岁及以下年龄段对象的首次CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数均值最高,达(409.3±211.7)个/μl,不同年龄段检测对象的首次CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数均值及其构成比差异有统计学意义(F=14.8、χ~2=38.5,P<0.01);结论青海省2013-2015年新发现的HIV抗体阳性者的机体免疫水平总体上处于较低水平,有相当比例的人需要及时进行抗病毒药物治疗,亟需加强艾滋病防治宣传,扩大监测检测覆盖面,以最大限度地及早发现和治疗HIV/AIDS患者。
Objective To analyze the level of CD4 ~ + T lymphocyte immunity in newly discovered HIV antibody positive individuals from 2013 to 2015 in Qinghai Province and to provide antiviral treatment for HIV / AIDS cases in the province. Scientific basis. Methods CD4 ~ + T and CD8 ~ + T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry and the ratio of CD4 ~ + / CD8 ~ + was calculated. Organize and analyze the test results using Excel 2007 and SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results Among the 641 newly diagnosed AIDS patients, 85.5% were male, 14.5% were female, and 79.6% were young adults aged from 18 to 45 years. The mean of the first CD4 ~ + T lymphocyte count was (362.3 ± 200.5) ) / Μl, with ≦ 350 / μl accounting for 52.3%. The mean CD4 ~ + / CD8 ~ + ratio was (0.38 ± 0.28), and the ratio of CD4 ~ + / CD8 ~ + was less than 0.5 (77.8%). The first CD4 ~ + T lymphocyte count was the highest in 30 years old and below, (409.3 ± 211.7) / μl. The mean CD4 + T lymphocyte count and its constituent ratio in different age groups were significantly different (F = 14.8, χ ~ 2 = 38.5, P <0.01). Conclusion The body immunity level of newly discovered HIV antibody positive people in Qinghai Province during 2013-2015 is generally low. A considerable proportion of people need prompt treatment with antiviral drugs. It is imperative to strengthen the publicity on AIDS prevention and control, expand the coverage of monitoring and testing, In order to maximize the early detection and treatment of HIV / AIDS patients.