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本文设计了一种超宽带TEM喇叭天线,用以发射峰值功率GW量级、频谱范围0.2～2GHz的高功率脉冲。该天线在TEM喇叭天线的基础上借鉴了Valentine天线的结构,并分为巴伦和辐射器两部分,馈电为50欧姆的同轴波导。为防止高压击穿,天线内部进行了介质填充,并进行了简单的绝缘强度预估。仿真结果表明,天线在304MHz～2GHz内的反射严格低于-10d B,从200MHz开始,轴向实际增益大于5d B,在较高频段增益稳定在14d B附近。通过计算对高斯脉冲信号的场强时域响应,证明了天线可有效的进行高功率脉冲的辐射。
In this paper, an ultra-wideband TEM horn antenna is designed to transmit high-power pulses of magnitude 0.2 to 2 GHz with a peak power level of GW. The antenna draws on the structure of the Valentine antenna on the basis of the TEM horn antenna and is divided into two parts of a balun and a radiator, and the coaxial waveguide is a 50-ohm feed. To prevent high voltage breakdown, the media was filled inside the antenna and a simple dielectric strength prediction was performed. The simulation results show that the reflection of the antenna in the range of 304MHz ~ 2GHz is strictly less than -10d B, and the effective gain in the axial direction is greater than 5d B from 200MHz. The gain of the antenna is stable at 14d B at higher frequencies. By calculating the time-domain response of the Gaussian pulse signal, it is proved that the antenna can effectively radiate high-power pulses.