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在历史教学中,单单把一些历史事实和现象教给学生,让学生记住这些现象,并不能算是完成了历史教学的任务,还必须使学生对这些历史事实和现象进行分析、比较、对照,从概括中得出规律,使学生掌握的概念成为“是从现代知认上看来必不可免的结论”。不同的概念所包含的内容不同,我们采取的教学方法也就不同。就个人在教学中所碰到一些概念来说,大体采用了以下几种教学方法。(一)帮助学生掌握比较简单的概念的方法:(1)描绘、分析的方法。有一些概念是通过对一些历史事实的分析,从中进一步得出结论而形成的。例如讲1815年到1848年的英国一课中的工人阶级生活是极端痛苦的概念,我们就需要向学生讲述一些能表现这个概念的鲜明的生动的具体事例:
In history teaching, simply teaching some historical facts and phenomena to the students and letting the students remember these phenomena can not be regarded as the task of completing the history teaching. Students must also analyze, compare and contrast these historical facts and phenomena, To draw the law from the summary and to make the concept mastered by students become “an inevitable conclusion from the point of view of modern recognition.” Different concepts contain different content, we also take different teaching methods. As far as personal concepts encountered in teaching are concerned, the following types of teaching methods are generally used. (A) to help students master the concept of relatively simple methods: (1) depicting and analyzing methods. Some concepts are formed by further analysis of historical facts. For example, working-class life in the British class from 1815 to 1848 was an extremely painful concept and we needed to tell students some vivid, concrete examples of how this concept can be expressed: