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目的探讨重症精神障碍患者自杀行为的危险因素。方法按入院时有无自杀行为将80例重症精神障碍患者分为两组,其中自杀未遂21例,无自杀行为59例。采用一般资料调查表、简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、应对方式问卷(CSQ)、社会功能缺陷量表及操作(SDSS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)分别对两组患者进行调查。运用卡方检验和Mann-Whitney U检验进行单因素分析,对有统计学意义的多个因素进行logistic回归分析。结果自杀行为影响因素单因素分析中性别、疾病诊断类型、焦虑抑郁因子、自责应对方式、退避应对方式、合理化应对方式、父母支持等因素在自杀未遂组与无自杀组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),多因素回归分析发现性别、焦虑抑郁、自责应对方式3个因素对自杀行为影响较大。结论女性、焦虑抑郁、自责应对方式是重症精神障碍患者自杀行为主要的危险因素。
Objective To explore the risk factors of suicidal behavior in patients with severe mental disorders. Methods 80 patients with severe mental disorders were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of suicide during admission, including 21 attempted suicide and 59 suicide-free behaviors. Two groups of patients were surveyed by using general information questionnaire, BPRS, CSQ, SDSS and SSRS respectively. One-way analysis was performed using chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression analysis was performed on a number of statistically significant factors. Results The influencing factors of suicide were univariate analysis of gender, disease diagnosis type, anxiety and depression factor, self-reproach coping style, retreat coping style, rational coping style, parental support and other factors in suicide attempted group and no suicide group were statistically significant (P0.05) .Multivariate regression analysis found that gender, anxiety and depression, self-reproach coping style three factors on suicidal behavior. Conclusion Female, anxiety, depression and self-reproach are the main risk factors of suicidal behavior in patients with severe mental disorders.