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在不同文化类型的社会群体中,不仅在快乐的内容及其终极目标上,而且在快乐形式以及实现途径上,都有各自的特征。中国传统文化在快乐问题上,既不讲纵欲,也不讲禁欲,而是要求根据各自条件去适度满足它,这就是适度快乐原则。儒家入世文化从社会群体的角度以等级名分去规定它;道家出世文化则从自然个体角度以生命性情作为获得快乐的依据。前者使人感性需求与满足有了规矩法度,就像给人欲的洪流筑起了堤坝;后者使人感性需求与满足有所解脱超越,就像给人欲的洪流缓解了水势。规范与解脱,阳刚与阴柔,儒道两家的出入世文化,共同以疏导的方式建构了适度快乐原则。大禹治水的传说,就是一种象征,治人如治水,堵不如疏,其主旨就是使不可抗拒的力量沿循一定渠道流动,并逐渐使其平缓。
In social groups of different cultural types, they have their own characteristics not only in the content of happiness and their ultimate goal, but also in the form of happiness and in the way of realization. On the issue of happiness, the traditional Chinese culture neither emphasizes nor means sexual desire nor abstains from it, but rather demands that it be appropriately moderated according to its own conditions. This is the principle of moderation and happiness. Confucianism enters into the world of culture from the point of view of social groups in order to define its hierarchy; Taoist birth culture from the perspective of natural individual life as the basis for the acquisition of happiness. The former gives a sensible demand and satisfaction to the rules as a dam to the torrent of human desires; the latter liberates the perceptual needs and satisfaction of souls, just as the torrent of human desires relieves the water potential. Standardize and release, masculine and feminine, Confucianism and Taoism both enter and exit the world culture, together to ease the way to construct a moderately happy principle. The legend of Dayu flood control is a symbol of governing people such as flood control and drainage, and its main thrust is to make irresistible force flow in certain channels and gradually make it gentle.