Bis-isatin derivatives:design,synthesis,and biological activity evaluation as potent dimeric DJ-1 in

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The PARK7 gene(encode DJ-1 protein)was first discovered as an oncogene and later found to be a causative gene for autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson\'s disease.DJ-1 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic anticancer target due to its pivotal role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.Based on the homodimer structure of DJ-1,a series of bis-isatin derivatives with different length linkers were designed,synthesized,and evaluated as dimeric inhibitors targeting DJ-1 homodimer.Among them,DM10 with alkylene chain of C10 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity against DJ-1 deglycase.We further demonstrated that DM10 bound covalently to the homodimer of DJ-1.In human cancer cell lines H1299,MDA-MB-231,BEL7402,and 786-O,DM10(2.5-20μM)inhibited the cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner showing better anticancer effects compared with the positive control drug STK793590.In nude mice bearing H1299 cell xenograft,intratumor injection of DM10(15 mg/kg)produced significantly potent tumor growth inhibition when compared with that caused by STK793590(30 mg/kg).Moreover,we found that DM10 could significantly enhance N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide-based apoptosis and erastin-based ferroptosis in H1299 cells.In conclusion,DM10 is identified as a potent inhibitor targeting DJ-1 homodimer with the potential as sensitizing agent for other anticancer drugs,which might provide synergistical therapeutic option for cancer treatment.
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