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近年来对轻、中度,甚至无症状儿童高血压早期识别的研究有了新的进展。在原有年龄、性别基础上加入身高因素后,得到了更精确的儿童高血压的诊断标准。儿童原发性高血压发病相关因素与遗传、种族、盐敏感性基因等有关,部分表达原发性高血压的单基因形式已经被发现。继发性高血压的常见原因是肾实质疾病和心血管疾病,而肾血管疾病在小年龄儿童中最常见。儿童高血压的治疗应为综合性治疗。不及时对儿童高血压进行干预,其成人期高血压、冠心病等心血管疾病的发病率和病死率将升高。
In recent years, new research has been made on the early identification of hypertension in mild, moderate and even asymptomatic children. In the original age, gender based on the addition of height factors, has been more accurate diagnosis of hypertension in children. Children associated with the incidence of essential hypertension and genetic, ethnic, salt-sensitive genes, etc., some of the primary forms of essential hypertension expression has been found. Common causes of secondary hypertension are renal parenchymal disease and cardiovascular disease, and renal vascular disease is most common in young children. Treatment of hypertension in children should be a comprehensive treatment. Not timely intervention in children with hypertension, its adult hypertension, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality will increase.