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急性肺水肿是急性左心衰的最严重表现,可突然发生伴有极度呼吸困难和咯大量白色或粉红色泡沫样痰.心脏病患者常因水钠潴留、高血压、补液过多、过快、感染、快速性心律失常等因素而诱发急性肺水肿,病情变化快,来势凶猛,病死率高.其病理变化主要有两个方面:开始为过多的液体由肺内血管渗人到肺间质,即肺间质水肿期,病情进一步发展液体渗入肺泡即形成为肺泡性水肿期.我院自1989年～1997年收治的心脏病患者中,发生急性肺水肿共76例次,其中肺间质水肿共60例次(78.94%)肺泡性水肿16例(21.06%),死亡6例(7.9%).现将其临床特点分析如下:
Acute pulmonary edema is the most severe manifestation of acute left heart failure, can occur suddenly with extreme difficulty in breathing and slightly a lot of white or pink foam-like sputum. Heart disease often due to Shuinazhuliu, hypertension, excessive fluid, too fast , Infection, tachyarrhythmia and other factors induced acute pulmonary edema, the condition changes fast, ferocious, high mortality .There are two main aspects of pathological changes: the beginning of the excessive fluid from the pulmonary blood vessels penetrate into the lungs Quality, that interstitial edema, the disease further development of liquid into the alveoli that form for the alveolar edema period.Our hospital from 1989 to 1997 in patients with heart disease, acute pulmonary edema occurred a total of 76 cases, of which the lungs There were 60 cases (78.94%) of alveolar edema in 16 cases (21.06%) and 6 cases (7.9%) of edema in quality edema.The clinical features of these patients were analyzed as follows: