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以脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶4种土壤酶活性及土壤理化性状为指标,研究了冬油菜后茬作物油菜、胡麻、玉米和小麦的根际与非根际土壤肥力状况。结果表明,4种作物的根际与非根际土壤肥力差异较大。根际土壤的酶活性与理化性状均显著高于休闲对照,而非根际土壤只有脲酶、有机质含量和速效氮等优于休闲对照。相关性分析表明土壤酶与理化性状之间相关性较大,它们都是评价土壤肥力的重要指标。利用隶属函数法将各土壤肥力分为3级,各处理肥力状况依次为:小麦根际(珔F=0.72)>胡麻根际(珔F=0.61)>油菜根际(珔F=0.56)>玉米非根际(珔F=0.44)>胡麻非根际(珔F=0.39)>小麦非根际(珔F=0.38)>玉米根际(珔F=0.37)>油菜非根际(珔F=0.29)>休闲CK(珔F=0.15)。分析结果表明各项指标采用隶属函数法综合评价冬油菜不同后茬作物根际与非根际土壤肥力是可行的。
The enzyme activities of soil enzymes and soil physical and chemical properties of four rapeseed, catalase, sucrase and phosphatase enzymes were used as indexes to study the soil fertility of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of rapeseed, flax, corn and wheat after stubble crop of winter rapeseed. The results showed that there was significant difference in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil fertility among the four crops. Rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and physical and chemical properties were significantly higher than the leisure control, but not the rhizosphere soil urease, organic matter content and available nitrogen than the leisure control. Correlation analysis showed that soil enzymes and physical and chemical properties of the correlation between the larger, they are important indicators to assess soil fertility. The soil fertility was divided into three grades according to the membership function method. The order of soil fertility was: rhizosphere (珔 F = 0.72)> rhizosphere (珔 F = 0.61)> rhizosphere (珔 F = 0.56)> Rhizosphere (珔 F = 0.37)> non-rhizosphere (珔 F = 0.44)> non-rhizosphere (珔 F = 0.39)> non-rhizosphere (珔 F = = 0.29)> casual CK (珔 F = 0.15). The results show that it is feasible to use the membership function method to evaluate the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil fertility of different stubble crops of winter rape.