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目的:掌握便携式X线荧光分析仪(XRF)用于铅中毒溯源调查的可行性。方法:在1家庭2幼儿铅中毒调查个案中,用XRF对其家庭内环境、食品、餐具、饮用水和儿童用品进行检测,寻找可疑铅暴露。结果:在抽查的27种物品中,铅含量较高的是皮沙发表面(1741 mg/kg)、阳台护栏油漆(8700 mg/kg)和散装无牌爽身粉(>100000 mg/kg),但两幼儿没有啃咬皮沙发的习惯,护栏油漆也没有破损脱落,两幼儿都有经常使用这种无牌散装爽身粉的习惯,经进一步调查爽身粉中的铅来自于配制中人为加入的红丹。病人脱离接触红丹爽身粉后血铅水平下降。结论:XRF是现场调查儿童铅中毒来源行之有效方法,结合问卷可快速找出暴露的原因。
Objective: To master the feasibility of portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer (XRF) for traceability investigation of lead poisoning. Methods: In a case of a family 2 lead poisoning survey, XRF was used to test the environment, food, tableware, drinking water and children’s products in the home to find out the suspected lead exposure. Results: Among the 27 samples tested, the lead content was higher on the surface of leather couch (1741 mg / kg), balustrade fence paint (8700 mg / kg) and bulk unlicensed talc (> 100000 mg / kg) Two young children did not bite the habit of leather sofa, railing paint did not break off, two children have often used this habit of unlicensed bulk talcum powder, after further investigation of talcum powder from the preparation of artificially added in the red lead . The patient’s blood lead levels dropped after touching the red dander powder. Conclusion: XRF is an effective method to investigate the source of lead poisoning in children. The questionnaire can be used to quickly find out the cause of exposure.