本文侧重于从哲学上来检视米兰·昆德拉的小说艺术。昆德拉的话语世界是从属于以拉伯雷、塞万提斯、卡夫卡、哈谢克为主要代表的欧洲幽默小说的伟大的传统的，在某种意义上，这一传统比同时代的哲学思想更深刻地展示出人类生存的实际状况，尤其是卡夫卡的小说表明，当今时代精神的主旋律是审判与媚俗。要超越这种时代精神，就要对悲剧意识作出深刻的反思，充分认识其陨落的趋势，从而自觉地确立起喜剧意识，用小说艺术所蕴含的幽默与轻松来减轻人们精神世界的重荷，把人类的精神状况提升到一个新的水平上。 This article focuses on philosophical review of Milan Kundera’s novel art. Kundera’s discourse world is subordinated to the great tradition of European humorous novels, mainly represented by Rabelais, Cervantes, Kafka, and Hatschek, in a way that is more traditional than simultaneously The contemporary philosophical thinking reveals the actual conditions of human existence more profoundly. In particular, Kafka’s novels show that the main theme of today’s spirit of the times is trial and kitsch. To transcend this spirit of the times, we must make a profound reflection on the awareness of tragedies and fully understand the trend of their fall so as to consciously establish the awareness of comedy and reduce the heavy load of the spiritual world with the humor and ease inherent in novel art. Man’s mental state has been elevated to a new level.