对于近代中国广大贫苦农民的阶级属性,有一种看法认为:雇农一贫如洗,且出卖劳动力,故称之为“农村无产阶级”;贫农虽略有私产却不足,出卖部分劳动力,故称为“农村半无产阶级”。这种认识是颇值得推敲的。还有一种看法认为:“中国是一个小资产阶级汪洋大海的国家”。这种认识也是大有探讨余地的。近代中国农村的两极分化,是一个非常复杂的过程。虽然帝国主义的商品倾销、城市商业资本侵入农村,加剧了农村的两极分化,改变了 For the class attribute of the vast number of poor peasants in modern China, there is a view that: hired peasants, and betrayed labor force, it is called “the rural proletariat”; poor peasants although the private ownership is not enough, betrayed some of the labor force, it is called “rural half proletariat”. This understanding is quite worth considering. There is also another view that: “China is a country of petty bourgeois masses.” This understanding is also a great deal of room for exploration. The polarization of rural China in modern times is a very complicated process. Although the dumping of imperialist goods and the intrusion of urban commercial capital into the countryside have aggravated the polarization of the countryside and have changed