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目的调查并分析长株潭城市群口腔医疗机构、人力与设备资源现状,为政府部门的决策和医疗机构卫生资源配置提供理论依据。方法将设计的调查表分发到长株潭三市卫生局登记在册的口腔医疗机构,逐项填报相关数据。用Epi Data 3.02软件建立口腔资源数据库,结合Excel软件进行数据筛选和统计分析。结果统计到2012年12月30日,长株潭地区共有口腔卫生机构338家,67.8%的口腔医疗机构在长沙市,18.3%在株洲市,湘潭市只有13.9%。公立口腔医疗机构占25.7%(87家),民营机构达74.3%(251家)。三市均以口腔诊所比例最高,其次为综合医院口腔科,口腔专科医院比例小。三市口腔专业人员共1 207人,其中,口腔医生74.73%(902人),护士21.54%(260人),技工等其他人员3.73%(45人),三市平均每万人口拥有口腔医师数为0.66。从事口腔医师工作的人员中,本科及以上学历为50%,专科、中专、口腔技工及无学历人员比例达50%。口腔医师中初级技术职称人员占绝大多数,长沙市为55.54%,株洲市61.07%,湘潭市61.54%。长沙市口腔医师16.85%为硕士或博士,37.08%为本科生,33.87%为专科生,仍有12.20%的口腔医师学历在专科以下。株洲和湘潭口腔医师以大专学历为主体,分别为45.64%和40.77%。三市牙科治疗椅1 141台,66%的牙科椅分布在长沙市。口腔颌面外科病床312张,主要分布在长沙市的综合医院口腔科。结论 (1)长株潭城市群口腔医疗服务人员与人口比与世界卫生组织标准相差较大。(2)口腔医疗机构以私立口腔诊所为主。(3)口腔执业医师中,长沙市以本科毕业生为主体,株洲市和湘潭市以专科学历为主。三市口腔医师的专业技术职称偏低,以初级专业技术人员占绝大多数。(4)口腔医疗机构、牙科治疗椅、病床、口腔医务人员主要分布在长沙。上述指标提示,作为湖南省政治、经济与文化中心的长株潭地区口腔医疗服务资源不足,分布欠平衡,口腔医师的整体质量不高,有待引起当地卫生行政主管部门的高度重视。
Objective To investigate and analyze the present situation of oral medical institutions, manpower and equipment resources in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan urban agglomerations and provide a theoretical basis for the decision making of government departments and the allocation of health resources in medical institutions. Methods The designed questionnaire was distributed to the registered oral health institutions of the three cities of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, and the relevant data were filled in one by one. Using Epi Data 3.02 software to establish oral database, combined with Excel software for data selection and statistical analysis. Results As of December 30, 2012, there were 338 oral hygiene institutions in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan areas, with 67.8% of dental institutions in Changsha and 18.3% in Zhuzhou and Xiangtan only 13.9%. Public dental medical institutions accounted for 25.7% (87), private sector reached 74.3% (251). The three cities are the highest proportion of oral clinics, followed by general hospital stomatology, dental hospital a small proportion. There were 1,207 dental professionals in the three cities, of which, 74.73% (902) were stomatologists, 21.54% (260) nurses and 3.73% (45) were other workers such as mechanics. The average number of stomatologists per million population in each of the three cities Is 0.66. Among the personnel engaged in the work of dentists, the degree of bachelor’s degree or above is 50%, and the proportion of junior college, technical secondary school, oral technician and non-academic staff reaches 50%. The majority of dentists’ junior technical titles occupy 55.54% in Changsha, 61.07% in Zhuzhou and 61.54% in Xiangtan. 16.85% of Changsha stomatologists are masters or doctors, 37.08% are undergraduates, 33.87% are undergraduates, and 12.20% of dentists still have academic qualifications below the specialty. Zhuzhou and Xiangtan stomatology with college education as the main body, respectively 45.64% and 40.77%. There are 1 141 dental chairs in three cities and 66% dental chairs in Changsha. Oral and maxillofacial surgical beds 312, mainly in the General Hospital of Changsha City, Department of Stomatology. Conclusions (1) There is a big difference between oral health service workers and population ratio in Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration and WHO standards. (2) Stomatological institutions mainly rely on private dental clinics. (3) Of the oral practitioners, Changsha City is dominated by undergraduates, while Zhuzhou City and Xiangtan City are mainly college graduates. Three city stomatology professional and technical titles are low, with the primary professional and technical personnel account for the vast majority. (4) Stomatological institutions, dental chairs, beds and dental staff are mainly located in Changsha. The above indicators suggest that the inadequate and uneven distribution of oral medical services in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan as the political, economic and cultural center of Hunan Province, and the low overall quality of stomatologists, await the attention of local health administrative departments.