目的　了解垃圾粉尘对环卫工人肺通气功能的影响。方法　对某市环卫工人及教师男女各 3 0名进行 10年前后的调查 ,并进行常规体检与肺功能检测 ;结果利用自身对照t检验及相关回归方法分析。结果　与教师相比 ,环卫工人 10年后肺功能各指标 (包括实测值与实测值占预计值百分比 )都明显下降 ,且男性较女性更明显 ,相关回归显示环卫工人肺功能与工龄成负相关。结论　环卫清扫粉尘对作业工人肺功能存在较大影响 ,提示应加强对环卫工人劳动防护 ,尤其男性。 Objective To understand the impact of rubbish dust on pulmonary ventilation in sanitation workers. Methods A total of 30 men and women of sanitation workers and teachers in a city were investigated about 10 years ago and routine physical examinations and pulmonary function tests were performed. The results were analyzed by self-control t-test and correlation regression analysis. Results Compared with teachers, the indexes of sanitation workers after 10 years (including the percentage of the measured value and the measured value) were obviously decreased, and the male was more obvious than the female. The correlation regression showed that the sanitation workers’ lung function was negatively correlated with the length of service . Conclusion Environmental sanitation dust has a great impact on the lung function of workers, suggesting that we should strengthen the labor protection of sanitation workers, especially men.