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本文在试验的基础上,研讨了孔径为30 mm空心车轴的超声波检测装置。为补偿因孔径太小而导致的探测灵敏度下降,设计了一种压电复合聚焦探头。业已表明,所研发的超声波技术,可检测出非配合中间部位深度为0.15 mm的人工裂纹以及轮座(配合部位)内深度为0.3 mm的裂纹。对装用这种空心车轴的车辆来说,车轴的检查精度符合新干线铁道车辆的要求。
Based on the experiment, this paper discusses the ultrasonic testing device with 30 mm diameter hollow axle. To compensate for the decrease in detection sensitivity due to the small aperture, a piezoelectric composite focusing probe was designed. It has been shown that the developed ultrasonic technique can detect artificial cracks with a depth of 0.15 mm in the unmatched middle part and cracks with a depth of 0.3 mm in the wheel seat (mating part). For vehicles equipped with such hollow axles, the inspection accuracy of the axles conforms to the requirements of the Shinkansen railway vehicles.