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燃气轮机发动机采用陶瓷涡轮盘是瑞典伏尔伏(VOLVO)公司所属的马尔摩联合透平公司首创,最近已完成了一次汽车道路试验。该汽车的燃气轮机发动机采用了陶瓷涡轮。燃气轮机要在汽车发动机方面与活塞式发动机竞争,必须在热效率上超过后者,这就有必要探索一种涡轮材料,其耐高温性能优于现在的金属涡轮。陶瓷材料是一种耐高温的理想材料,但是汽车用燃气轮机的涡轮转速高达每分钟5～10万转,在这样高的转速下,一般陶瓷材料经受不住因离心力所产生的应力。
The use of ceramic turbine disks for gas turbine engines was pioneered by United Turmoil, part of the Volvo Volvo Company and has recently completed a road test for the car. The car’s gas turbine engine uses a ceramic turbine. Gas turbines competing with piston engines in automotive engines must surpass the latter in terms of thermal efficiency. This makes it necessary to explore a turbine material that is superior to today’s metal turbines for its high temperature resistance. Ceramic materials are an ideal material for high temperatures, but gas turbines for automobiles have turbine speeds of 5-10,000 revolutions per minute. At these high speeds, ordinary ceramic materials can not withstand the stress caused by centrifugal forces.