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本文根据长白落叶松不同种源种子性状、苗期性状、7年生幼林性状共24个因子的观测数据,采用生物统计分析方法,系统研究了长白落叶松的地理变异规律及其引起变异的气候生态基础。结果表明:长白落叶松不同种源具有显著的遺传分化;幼林生长性状主要受纬度和海拔双重控制,表现为南部和低海拔种源较北部和高海拔种源生长快。同一地点不同海拔种源幼林生长性状变异显著,中、低海拔种源显著大于高海拔种源。落叶病感病性状主要受经度控制,至西向东病情加重。种子发芽率主要受经度和纬度双重控制,至西向东从高海拔向低海拔种子发芽率降低,长白落叶松性状地理变异具有明显的气候生态基础,影响幼林生长性状的主要气候因子是温度,影响种子性状的主要气候因子是光照和水分。
According to the observation data of 24 factors of seed characters, seedling traits and 7-year-old young forest characters of different provenances of Larix olgensis, the laws of geographical variation and the variation of climate ecology of Larix olgensis were systematically studied by using biometric analysis method basis. The results showed that there were significant genetic differentiation among different provenances of Larix olgensis. The growth characteristics of young forest were mainly controlled by latitude and altitude, which showed that the provenance of southern and lower elevation grew faster than those of northern and high altitude. There was significant variation in the growth traits of young forests at different altitudes in the same location. The provenances at middle and low altitudes were significantly larger than those at high altitudes. The deciduous disease susceptible trait is mainly controlled by the longitude, and worsens from west to east. Seed germination rate is mainly controlled by longitude and latitude. From west to east, the germination rate of seeds from high altitude to low altitude decreased. The geographical variation of Larix sibirica larvae had obvious climatic and ecological basis. The main climatic factors influencing young growth traits were temperature and influence The main climatic factors of seed traits are light and moisture.