美国威斯康星大学的物理学家用电子全息术已首次重现晶体结构。他们的实验实现了1948年全息术发明者丹尼斯·伽柏用此技术进行原子成像的一大宿愿。通常获得晶体原子结构信息所用的方法是X射线晶像学,其信息取自 X 射线通过晶体时所形成的衍射图样。但这种图样仅描述多个原子在晶体中的平均位置,而不是单个原子的确切位置,因此无法探测晶体结构中原子缺漏之类局部变化,只适用于对称性晶体。 For the first time, physicists at the University of Wisconsin, using electronic holography, have reproduced the crystal structure. Their experiment led to the great dream of 1948 holographer Dennis Gabe using this technique for atomic imaging. The usual method for obtaining information on the structure of a crystal atom is X-ray crystallography, the information of which is taken from the diffraction pattern formed by the X-rays as they pass through the crystal. However, this pattern describes only the average position of multiple atoms in the crystal, not the exact position of a single atom. Therefore, it is impossible to detect local changes such as atomic leakage in the crystal structure, and is only applicable to symmetrical crystals.