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研究套管抗济强度的主要目的是为了保证油井安全,并尽可能减少固并套管金属消耗量。同时,作为一个典型的力学课题,它的解决可以为一系列类似结构,比如筒形容器的外压强度和稳定问题提供计算方法。因此,这个问题长期来为人们所研究,已有近百年历史。 目前我国一口3000公尺左右深的油井平均消耗150～250吨的套管钢材;而且井越深,消耗钢材占成本的比例越大。就我国而论,用于石油套管的投资约占钻井总成本的三分之一左右。可见,研究如何降低一口井的套管金属消耗量,具有很大经济意义。 当前就我国来说,既存在着节约套管的很大潜力;同时,也存在较多的套管事故。怎样分析这种矛盾的状况呢?这要从井身结构、管柱设计、强度计算、工程工艺质量及修井措施等几个方面来研究。我们认为,我国在工程及设计中存在以下问题:
The main purpose of studying the economic strength of casing is to ensure the safety of wells and minimize the metal consumption of solidified casing. At the same time, as a typical mechanical problem, its solution can provide a calculation method for a series of similar structures, such as the external pressure intensity and stability of cylindrical vessels. Therefore, this issue has been studied for a long period of time and has existed for nearly a hundred years. At present, an oil well with a depth of about 3000 meters in our country consumes an average of 150-250 tons of casing steel; and the deeper the well, the greater the proportion of the steel that consumes the steel. For my country, investment in oil casing accounts for about one-third of the total cost of drilling. Therefore, it is of great economic significance to study how to reduce the casing metal consumption of a well. At present, for our country, there is a great potential for saving casing; at the same time, there are more casing accidents. How to analyze this contradictory situation? This should be from well structure, column design, strength calculation, engineering quality and workover measures and other aspects to study. In our opinion, our country has the following problems in engineering and design: