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摘 要：Abstract：Evaluation of green factory management innovation is an important means to ensure the environmental quality and living standard. Most of the literatures on green factory evaluation are mainly survey report or qualitative analysis， with few practical quantitative evaluation systems to evaluate the green factory management innovation. Firstly， this paper put forward a comprehensive evaluation index system of green management innovation based on the analysis of the standard measure of green evaluation provided by the government. Secondly， based on the theory of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation， this paper put forward a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for green management innovation （FCMGMI）. The FCE result shows this green factory management innovation to be above average. Meaning， the company green building is quite reasonable and positive though the need for more development and improvement exist.
關键词：Keywords： Green management innovation;fuzzy comprehensive evaluation;evaluating indicator
1. INTRODUCTION
Green manufacturing is an important means to solve national resource and environmental problems， an important task to achieve industrial transformation and upgrading， an effective way for the industry to achieve green development， and an inevitable choice for enterprises to take the initiative to undertake social responsibility.
Since the late 20th Century， China has been experiencing rapid economic growth with its building sector and energy usage also grown rapidly. In 2010 China built as much housing as the total housing space of Spain or roughly four times the total housing space in Sweden in just one year （Y. Liu， 2012）. The building sector accounted for 30% of China’s total energy consumption （Y. Liu， 2012）. As urbanization continues， sustainable construction has been widely accepted in the construction industry. Nowadays， People are living in the world of cement concrete; means cement is needed just like water and air. The current floor area in China is around one billion m2 per year， predominantly added in urban areas where per capita energy use is 3.5 times higher than in the countryside （Y. Liu， 2012）. Cement industries generated a lot of dust， emission large amount of harmful gas， which are have serious effect on human health and resulted to global warming and to climate change. In order to minimize this environmental effect therefore， the state is vigorously pursuing a green factory strategy for cement plants. Thus under the impetus of the central environmental protection inspectors， some provincial government have successively shut down many “small， scattered， chaotic and dirty” enterprises that do not meet the standards and seriously pollute the environment. Hebei Province is a major cement-producing province. According to incomplete statistics， there are about 568 cement plants in Hebei Province. However， most of these cement plants do not meet the requirement of pollution emission index. To cope with this accelerating stress on climate， nature， society and human health caused by these cement plants， Hebei Provincial Government pays special attention to the green factory system， and in September， 2018， issued relevant documents to clearly indicate the cement industry air pollutant discharge standards， so that each factory must abide by the law to continue its productivity. According to our preliminary investigation， apart from Hebei Jinyu Dingxin Cement Co.， Ltd in the province， which is one among the first batch of green manufacturing demonstration list in China， and very good at green， with all the factory system implemented， that all the remaining industries are still undergoing major rectification and starting to green factory standard. On this basis， this research aims to evaluate the innovative management system of Dingxin Company on their innovation measure. That is， among the government given green transformation measure， which innovation standard measure the company prioritize to achieved this dizzy height？ We employed the use of fuzzy evaluation model for finding appropriateness. The method was adopted because green building policy is a composition of qualitative and qualitative policy system.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the company green management innovation on the scale of government provisional green building standard policy. Evaluating green factories help set the benchmark in the industry and help guides and regulates factories to implement green manufacturing.
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1 Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model
Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is a comprehensive evaluation method based on Fuzzy Mathematics. It includes the following factors： factor set， evaluation set， weight assignment set， and evaluation matrix. According to the basic concept of fuzzy mathematics， the study evaluation terms are define as follows.
A.Factor set （U）： Factor set is a collection of various factors that influence the evaluation object.
Ui= {U1 ， U2 ，…….，Um }
Where Ui （i=1，2，……，m） is the requirement factors for green factory model
B.Evaluation set （V）： The evaluation set is a collection of evaluation results. Vi= {V1 ， V2 ，…….，Vn }
Where Vj （ j=1，2，……，n） is the result of model evaluation
To start with， we divided the green factory evaluation model grade is divided into A， B， C， D and E grade respectively， corresponding to the green factory model grade as best， better， general， bad and worst. Table 3 display the grade of green factory model.
C.Weight assignment set （A）： The weight assignment set is the collection of the proportion of each factor in the evaluation.
Ai= {a1 ， a2 ，…….，am }
Where Ai （a=1，2，……，m） is the proportion of i factors in green factory model evaluation
We determine the weights of the model using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. The basic idea is to determine the relative importance through pairwise comparison after constructing a hierarchy which is expressed by quantification， then to establish judgment matrix and the relative weights in every layer with mathematical method from the highest level to the level below， and finally to gain the weights in target layer. Fig. 1 depicts the structure of the research model.
Fig. 1 Research Model structure
3. CASE STUDY
This study consider Hebei Jinyu Dingxin cement Co.， Ltd as its case study， and determine to evaluate its best green innovative management practice using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model， with help of that uses analytic hierarchy process to determine their weight. Specific steps taken are：
3.1 Data Source
According to the Hebei Jinyu Dingxi Cement Ltd evaluation index system， the main content of the research questionnaire is the green building innovation management practices to the evaluation index， and the grade option is set to be strongly agree， Neutral， disagree， strongly disagree which is based on the Likert five scale. 500 questionnaires are distributed， 218 was retrieved， after sorting out， we ended up with 175 valid questionnaires， and gathered data is depicted in Table 1.
Table 1. The survey data of construction evaluation
3.2 Determination the Index weight
Based on the expert investigation method， the pairwise comparison matrixes are display below. In addition， the weight of each index is depicted in table 2
Table 2 Jinyu Dingxi Cement Ltd Evaluation Index weight of Green innovation
3.3 Fuzzy Comprehensive evaluation
The evaluation indexes are B1， B2， B3， evaluation Indexes are U1， U2， U9， and comment set V contents strongly agree， agree， Neutral， disagree， and strongly disagree. Let the membership degree rij r be the ratio of the number of factor Ui to comment Vj to the total number of people participating in the survey， then the fuzzy evaluation matrixes can be structured as follows： The weight of U1， U2， U3 relative to B1：
The weight of U4， U5， relative to B2：
The weight of U6， U7， U8， and U9 relative to B2：
The weight of ‘U’ relative to A：
A fuzzy evaluation contains two parts： （i） The target hierarchy and （ii） the rule hierarchy of the fuzzy set. The fuzzy evaluation matrix can be structure as：
Calculated as：
Let ， the fuzzy sets of target hierarchy calculated as：
Therefore; based on the five-likert scales， the result of the five-selected answer is evaluated in the table 3.
Table3： the grade of Green factory model
Order Best Good Average Bad Worst
Points 5 4 3 2 1
The evaluation result are calculated：
For clarity， we summarized the result in Table 5.
Table 4： Comprehensive evaluation of Dingxin Green Management Innovation
4.Conclusion
Based on the evaluation result， the comprehensive evaluation value E for Jinyu Dingxi Cement Ltd is 3.41. According to evaluation standard， this green management innovation evaluation is above average， meaning the company green building is quite reasonable and positive though the need for more development and improvement exist.
The green factory innovation evaluation values are， E1 =3.138， E2 =3.431， and E3 =3.545 respectively. Management Innovation value （E） is the best， which shows it is the most obvious worth and contribution to comprehensive evaluation of this green building innovation. Based on the four indexes， company management system played an important part in this wonderful transformation.
References
[1]Z.b. Zeng， Y.L. Li and j. Shu， Risk Appraisal Based on Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Decision for Virtual Enterprise Formation， Computer Engineering and Applications， 4， （2006）
[2]M. Huang， F.E. Li and X.W. Wang， PERT Based Risk Evaluation Model for Virtual Enterprise， Journal of Northeastern University （Natural Science），9（9） ， （2005）
[3]R.N. Nagel etc， 21st Century Manufacturing Enterprise Strategy， Iacocco Institute， Lehigh University， Bethehem（1992）
[4]G. Martha， H.R. Karlene， Risk Mitigation in Virtual Organizations， Organization Science， 10（6）：704-721（1999）.
[5]Y.L. Wang， the 21st Century Oriented Production Model and Its Management， Journal of XiAn JiaoTong University， 1-4， （1997）
[6]Wang Jingbo， Liu Lijuan 2011 the Coal Enterprise's Performance Measure Based on the Balanced Scorecard Value Engineering 30（10） 107-9
[7]A Lihua， Xu Qianjun 2012 Core Enterprise Performance Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Logistics Technology 9 299-301
作者簡介：
李明扬，1998年10月，女，汉，山东东营人，本科在读。
關键词：Keywords： Green management innovation;fuzzy comprehensive evaluation;evaluating indicator
1. INTRODUCTION
Green manufacturing is an important means to solve national resource and environmental problems， an important task to achieve industrial transformation and upgrading， an effective way for the industry to achieve green development， and an inevitable choice for enterprises to take the initiative to undertake social responsibility.
Since the late 20th Century， China has been experiencing rapid economic growth with its building sector and energy usage also grown rapidly. In 2010 China built as much housing as the total housing space of Spain or roughly four times the total housing space in Sweden in just one year （Y. Liu， 2012）. The building sector accounted for 30% of China’s total energy consumption （Y. Liu， 2012）. As urbanization continues， sustainable construction has been widely accepted in the construction industry. Nowadays， People are living in the world of cement concrete; means cement is needed just like water and air. The current floor area in China is around one billion m2 per year， predominantly added in urban areas where per capita energy use is 3.5 times higher than in the countryside （Y. Liu， 2012）. Cement industries generated a lot of dust， emission large amount of harmful gas， which are have serious effect on human health and resulted to global warming and to climate change. In order to minimize this environmental effect therefore， the state is vigorously pursuing a green factory strategy for cement plants. Thus under the impetus of the central environmental protection inspectors， some provincial government have successively shut down many “small， scattered， chaotic and dirty” enterprises that do not meet the standards and seriously pollute the environment. Hebei Province is a major cement-producing province. According to incomplete statistics， there are about 568 cement plants in Hebei Province. However， most of these cement plants do not meet the requirement of pollution emission index. To cope with this accelerating stress on climate， nature， society and human health caused by these cement plants， Hebei Provincial Government pays special attention to the green factory system， and in September， 2018， issued relevant documents to clearly indicate the cement industry air pollutant discharge standards， so that each factory must abide by the law to continue its productivity. According to our preliminary investigation， apart from Hebei Jinyu Dingxin Cement Co.， Ltd in the province， which is one among the first batch of green manufacturing demonstration list in China， and very good at green， with all the factory system implemented， that all the remaining industries are still undergoing major rectification and starting to green factory standard. On this basis， this research aims to evaluate the innovative management system of Dingxin Company on their innovation measure. That is， among the government given green transformation measure， which innovation standard measure the company prioritize to achieved this dizzy height？ We employed the use of fuzzy evaluation model for finding appropriateness. The method was adopted because green building policy is a composition of qualitative and qualitative policy system.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the company green management innovation on the scale of government provisional green building standard policy. Evaluating green factories help set the benchmark in the industry and help guides and regulates factories to implement green manufacturing.
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1 Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model
Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is a comprehensive evaluation method based on Fuzzy Mathematics. It includes the following factors： factor set， evaluation set， weight assignment set， and evaluation matrix. According to the basic concept of fuzzy mathematics， the study evaluation terms are define as follows.
A.Factor set （U）： Factor set is a collection of various factors that influence the evaluation object.
Ui= {U1 ， U2 ，…….，Um }
Where Ui （i=1，2，……，m） is the requirement factors for green factory model
B.Evaluation set （V）： The evaluation set is a collection of evaluation results. Vi= {V1 ， V2 ，…….，Vn }
Where Vj （ j=1，2，……，n） is the result of model evaluation
To start with， we divided the green factory evaluation model grade is divided into A， B， C， D and E grade respectively， corresponding to the green factory model grade as best， better， general， bad and worst. Table 3 display the grade of green factory model.
C.Weight assignment set （A）： The weight assignment set is the collection of the proportion of each factor in the evaluation.
Ai= {a1 ， a2 ，…….，am }
Where Ai （a=1，2，……，m） is the proportion of i factors in green factory model evaluation
We determine the weights of the model using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. The basic idea is to determine the relative importance through pairwise comparison after constructing a hierarchy which is expressed by quantification， then to establish judgment matrix and the relative weights in every layer with mathematical method from the highest level to the level below， and finally to gain the weights in target layer. Fig. 1 depicts the structure of the research model.
Fig. 1 Research Model structure
3. CASE STUDY
This study consider Hebei Jinyu Dingxin cement Co.， Ltd as its case study， and determine to evaluate its best green innovative management practice using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model， with help of that uses analytic hierarchy process to determine their weight. Specific steps taken are：
3.1 Data Source
According to the Hebei Jinyu Dingxi Cement Ltd evaluation index system， the main content of the research questionnaire is the green building innovation management practices to the evaluation index， and the grade option is set to be strongly agree， Neutral， disagree， strongly disagree which is based on the Likert five scale. 500 questionnaires are distributed， 218 was retrieved， after sorting out， we ended up with 175 valid questionnaires， and gathered data is depicted in Table 1.
Table 1. The survey data of construction evaluation
3.2 Determination the Index weight
Based on the expert investigation method， the pairwise comparison matrixes are display below. In addition， the weight of each index is depicted in table 2
Table 2 Jinyu Dingxi Cement Ltd Evaluation Index weight of Green innovation
3.3 Fuzzy Comprehensive evaluation
The evaluation indexes are B1， B2， B3， evaluation Indexes are U1， U2， U9， and comment set V contents strongly agree， agree， Neutral， disagree， and strongly disagree. Let the membership degree rij r be the ratio of the number of factor Ui to comment Vj to the total number of people participating in the survey， then the fuzzy evaluation matrixes can be structured as follows： The weight of U1， U2， U3 relative to B1：
The weight of U4， U5， relative to B2：
The weight of U6， U7， U8， and U9 relative to B2：
The weight of ‘U’ relative to A：
A fuzzy evaluation contains two parts： （i） The target hierarchy and （ii） the rule hierarchy of the fuzzy set. The fuzzy evaluation matrix can be structure as：
Calculated as：
Let ， the fuzzy sets of target hierarchy calculated as：
Therefore; based on the five-likert scales， the result of the five-selected answer is evaluated in the table 3.
Table3： the grade of Green factory model
Order Best Good Average Bad Worst
Points 5 4 3 2 1
The evaluation result are calculated：
For clarity， we summarized the result in Table 5.
Table 4： Comprehensive evaluation of Dingxin Green Management Innovation
4.Conclusion
Based on the evaluation result， the comprehensive evaluation value E for Jinyu Dingxi Cement Ltd is 3.41. According to evaluation standard， this green management innovation evaluation is above average， meaning the company green building is quite reasonable and positive though the need for more development and improvement exist.
The green factory innovation evaluation values are， E1 =3.138， E2 =3.431， and E3 =3.545 respectively. Management Innovation value （E） is the best， which shows it is the most obvious worth and contribution to comprehensive evaluation of this green building innovation. Based on the four indexes， company management system played an important part in this wonderful transformation.
References
[1]Z.b. Zeng， Y.L. Li and j. Shu， Risk Appraisal Based on Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Decision for Virtual Enterprise Formation， Computer Engineering and Applications， 4， （2006）
[2]M. Huang， F.E. Li and X.W. Wang， PERT Based Risk Evaluation Model for Virtual Enterprise， Journal of Northeastern University （Natural Science），9（9） ， （2005）
[3]R.N. Nagel etc， 21st Century Manufacturing Enterprise Strategy， Iacocco Institute， Lehigh University， Bethehem（1992）
[4]G. Martha， H.R. Karlene， Risk Mitigation in Virtual Organizations， Organization Science， 10（6）：704-721（1999）.
[5]Y.L. Wang， the 21st Century Oriented Production Model and Its Management， Journal of XiAn JiaoTong University， 1-4， （1997）
[6]Wang Jingbo， Liu Lijuan 2011 the Coal Enterprise's Performance Measure Based on the Balanced Scorecard Value Engineering 30（10） 107-9
[7]A Lihua， Xu Qianjun 2012 Core Enterprise Performance Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Logistics Technology 9 299-301
作者簡介：
李明扬，1998年10月，女，汉，山东东营人，本科在读。