为探讨柯萨奇B组病毒 (CoxsackievirusgroupB ,CBV)与扩张型心肌病 (dilatedcardiomyopathy ,DCM )发病的关系 ,应用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)及酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检查 39例扩张型心肌病患者 (DCM组 )外周血中CBV RNA、血清中CBV IgM。结果表明 ,DCM组外周血CBV RNA ,血清中CBV IgM阳性率分别为 41 0 2 %、30 76 % ,对照组分别为 7 6 % ,2 5 6 % ,两组比较差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结果提示 ,柯萨奇B组病毒感染和 (或 )持续感染是引起扩张型心肌病的重要原因。 In order to investigate the relationship between Coxsackievirus group B (CBV) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 39 cases were examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM group), CBV RNA in peripheral blood and CBV IgM in serum. The results showed that the positive rates of CBV RNA in peripheral blood and CBV IgM in serum were 41 0 2% and 30 76% in DCM group and 76% and 25 6% in control group, respectively (P <0 0 5). The results suggest that Coxsackie B virus infection and / or persistent infection is an important cause of dilated cardiomyopathy.