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生物质热解与生物油改质、生物质气化与合成气费-托转化工艺是正在研究开发的第二代生物燃料技术,前者利用快速热解工艺对生物质进行热解或热加氢改质生成热解油;后者用生物质直接合成或先转化为生物油后再生成合成气,合成气经改质和转化生产费-托合成烃。许多石油公司都在以纤维素/木质纤维素为原料,研究开发在石油炼厂内对生物质原料进行后续加工和应用的相关技术。在石油炼厂中引入生物质原料,其挑战是要找到源自非食用生物质或生物质废弃物的原料,而且这些原料应易于运输并易于在炼厂中进行处理,同时应尽可能使用现有的工艺和装置。虽然石油炼厂加工生物质原料尚存在一些问题,但近来开发势头十分强劲。从长远角度来看,任何能为炼厂提供原料,生命周期分析证明能减少CO2排放,并在经济上可行的技术均会在生物燃料开发竞争中成为赢家。
Biomass pyrolysis and bio-oil modification, biomass gasification and syngas Fischer-Tropsch conversion process is the second generation of biofuels technology being researched and developed. The former uses rapid pyrolysis process to pyrolyze biomass or pyrogenate biomass Which is converted into pyrolysis oil. The latter is directly synthesized with biomass or converted into bio-oil and then formed into syngas. After the syngas is upgraded and transformed, the syngas is converted and produced. Many oil companies are using cellulose / lignocellulosics as raw materials to research and develop related technologies for the subsequent processing and application of biomass raw materials in petroleum refineries. The challenge of introducing biomass feedstock into a petroleum refinery is to find raw materials derived from non-edible biomass or biomass waste, which should be easy to transport and easy to dispose of in the refinery and should be used whenever possible Some processes and devices. Although some problems still exist in the processing of biomass raw materials by petroleum refineries, the development momentum has been very strong recently. From a long-term perspective, any process that provides raw materials for the refinery, life-cycle analysis that demonstrates reducing CO2 emissions, and economically viable technologies will all win the bid for biofuel development competition.