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为了合理地选取采掘巷道的断面及支护形式,必须对巷道进行矿压观测,掌握其变形规律。我局“传统”的观测方法(以回采工作面巷道为例),通常是在回采初次来压之后,在采动影响范围(一般100m左右)之外的相邻3～5架棚子的巷道上设点,测取巷道或支架随时间和工作面推进距离变化的每日变化量,包括水平移近量、垂直移近量和整个支架的变形等,直到测点进入老塘为止,从而取得整条巷道在回采过程中的变化规律。
In order to select the section and supporting form of the roadway reasonably, it is necessary to conduct mine pressure observation on the roadway and grasp the law of deformation. Our Bureau’s “traditional” method of observation (taking roadway mining as an example) is usually carried out on the roadway of adjacent 3 to 5 shacks other than the affected area (generally about 100m) Set point, measure the change of roadway or scaffold with time and face advancing distance variation, including the amount of horizontal shift, the amount of vertical movement and the entire stent deformation, until the measuring point into the old pond, so as to obtain the whole Roadway in the process of mining changes.