一、引言电力机车因其功率高、牵引力大、适宜在坡度大、运输繁忙的区段行驶,并有易于维修、运行过程不产生废气污染等优越性,为蒸汽、内燃机车所不能比拟,故我国铁路牵引动力的电气化是有发展前途的。目前我国已开始定型生产大功率电力机车,据现场电力机车乘务员反映,噪声、振动、高温、电磁场以及高度神经精神紧张等等,是电力牵引乘务过程中比较突出的劳动环境因素,其中尤以通风机产生的噪声最使人烦恼。参加电力牵引乘务若干年后,职工中高血压病,神经衰弱发病率显著增多,并有不常见的动、静脉炎病例的发生,因此对现有产品进行较系统的卫生学调查、探讨该种劳动环境有无产生职业性危害的可能, I. INTRODUCTION Because of its high power and traction, electric locomotive is suitable for driving in the sections with large slope and heavy traffic, as well as the advantages of easy maintenance and exhaust gas pollution during operation. It can not be compared with steam and diesel locomotives, therefore The electrification of China’s railway traction power has a promising future. At present, China has begun to stereotypes the production of high-power electric locomotives. According to the locomotive crew on the spot, noise, vibration, heat, electromagnetic fields and high levels of nervous and mental stress are the labor environmental factors that are prominent in the process of electric traction and crew service, Machine noise is the most annoying. After several years of participation in the electric traction service, the incidence of hypertension and neurasthenia among staff members increased significantly, and there were unusual cases of arterioles and phlebitis. Therefore, a systematic hygiene survey of existing products was conducted to investigate the labor Whether the environment has the potential to cause occupational hazards,