直肠癌作治愈性切除后的局部复发是病人术后罹病率和死C率的主要原因。传统的直肠癌切除手术由于是在非直视下手术，常在一个不确切的解剖平面内作钝性解剖，致使直肠系膜切除不完全，术后局部复发率高。全直肠系膜切除（TME）由于完全切除了直肠系膜，局部失败率低，术后存活率优于平均存活率，是外科治疗直肠癌的恰当手术。 The local recurrence of rectal cancer after curative resection is the main reason for postoperative delirium and mortality. The traditional resection of rectal cancer is performed under non-straight-sighted operation. It often performs blunt dissection in an inaccurate anatomical plane, resulting in incomplete mesorectal resection and high postoperative local recurrence rate. Total mesorectal excision (TME), due to the complete resection of the mesorectum, has a low rate of local failure and surpasses the mean survival rate after surgery, making it a suitable surgical procedure for rectal cancer.