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本文系统梳理并归纳了合作社的五种发展路径,即:传统模式、国家主义模式、市场导向模式、法团主义模式、混合模式。这五种发展路径也基本上代表了合作社与政府关系的五种不同形态。在对上述五种关系模式分析的基础上,文章认为政府如果想成功推动合作社的发展,就必须在处理与合作社关系时把握以下三点:第一,保证合作社的自愿性、独立性、自主性以及民主治理的内部结构。只有如此,才能保证合作社的社员导向(内部自我激励主导),而不是国家导向。第二,必须鼓励并促进合作社之间的合作,尤其是纵向的合作,即鼓励合作社按照专业经营领域建立起基层社、地区社、全国社的三级结构,并允许这些全国性专业合作社联盟之间的联合。第三,建立于传统发展模式、市场导向模式、法团主义模式之上的“混合模式”是一种比较理想的合作社发展政策取向。
This paper systematically sorts out and summarizes five development paths of cooperatives, that is, the traditional model, the nationalism model, the market orientation model, the corporatist model and the mixed model. These five development paths basically represent the five different forms of the relationship between cooperatives and the government. Based on the analysis of the above five modes of relationship, the article holds that if the government wants to promote the development of cooperatives successfully, it must grasp the following three points in handling the relations with cooperatives: First, to ensure the voluntary, independence and autonomy of cooperatives As well as the internal structure of democratic governance. Only in this way can we ensure that members of cooperatives are oriented (internal self-motivation) instead of state-oriented. Second, we must encourage and promote cooperation among cooperatives, especially in the vertical direction. That is, we encourage cooperatives to establish a three-tier structure of grass-roots, regional and national associations in accordance with professional management and allow these national professional cooperatives Between the joint. Third, the “mixed model” based on the traditional development model, market-oriented model and corporatism model is an ideal cooperative development policy orientation.