一、绪言在“不列颠保护法规”中有关保护鲑鱼和海鳟的规定已有几个世纪。首先,鱼阱的使用已受到限制;以后又规定了禁渔期,并规定在水闸和其他人工拦河建筑物上要修建过鱼设施。本世纪内,水电资源的迅速开发,使保护这些鱼类而在高坝上设置合理的过鱼设施问题更形迫切。 I. INTRODUCTION The provisions of the British Code of Conservation for the protection of salmon and sea trout have been for centuries. First, the use of fish traps has been limited; the fishing ban has been set for the future, and fishing facilities have been set up on sluices and other man-made structures. This century, the rapid development of hydropower resources has made it more urgent to protect these fish species and set up reasonable over-fishing facilities on high dams.