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历史人物的活动,既有如所预期产生预期出现的事情,也经常会未如预期而没有竟成事实的。就对一种活动来说,这些只不过是一物的正反两面。探索历史,如果单注意于既成的事实,忽视、漠视没有竟成实际的活动,难免流于片面,对客观的历史来说,则是留下了不应留下的空白。在中国近代铁路发展史上,最早一条铁路是商办的,最后一条经社会主义改造转变为全民所有也是商办(或作民业)的。单凭这两点,商办民业铁路在整个发展史上就值得一记。何况,在中国的近代这个“风雨如晦”的日子里,民间的创业活动,虽历遭摧折,毕竟曾经“鸡鸣不已”！探索这些活动经过,也许兼对中国民族资本主义之有所发展而终未能顺利发展的缘由,能够获得某些补充信息;且不揣谫陋,作一尝试。
The activities of historical figures are not expected to occur unexpectedly, not only as expected but also unexpected. For an activity, these are just the pros and cons of a thing. To explore history, if we simply pay attention to the established facts, neglect and ignore the fact that there is no actual activity, we will inevitably be kept in a one-sided manner. For the objective history, we should leave a blank that should not be left behind. In the history of China’s modern railway development, the earliest a railway was a commercial one, and the last one was transformed by the reform of socialism into ownership by the whole people as well as commercial operation (or as a civilian business). Based solely on these two points, it is worth remembering that the commercial railway should be built throughout the history of development. Moreover, in the days of “the stormy weather” in modern China, private entrepreneurial activities have suffered a crushing tragedy. After all, they used to have “crows!” After exploring these activities, we may find some supplementary information as to why the development of Chinese national capitalism has not been able to develop smoothly. We should try our best to make some attempts.