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在食用菌制种时,接种箱(室)都要进行消毒。通常接种室消毒方法有两种:A.用甲醛溶液和高锰酸钾通过反应快速产生甲醛蒸汽消毒。B.利用紫外线照射消毒。但在实际操作中有些专业户由于操作方法不当,造成不必要的浪费和制种的失败。 在A法中,有些专业户对高锰酸钾和甲醛用量把握不准,这既浪费又不安全(因为高锰酸钾过多易引起爆炸)。消毒后使用接种室时由于甲醛蒸汽不能及时散尽而刺激鼻子,对身体有害。正确的消毒方法应按每m~3空间用15mL甲醛溶液和5g高锰酸钾的量混合熏蒸。接种操作前用装有氨水的瓶子敞口在接种室内摇动几次,即可将刺鼻气味消除。摇动时注意不要将氨水洒落地面上。在B法中,有些专业户用紫外灯照射时间太短,照后立即打开日光灯进行接种,这样消毒不完全、不彻底,照后立即打开日光灯还易光复活,不能保证接种室的洁净度。为此用紫外灯照射时间不可过短,
Vaccination boxes (rooms) should be disinfected when edible fungus is planted. In general, there are two ways to disinfect inoculation room: A. Formaldehyde steam sterilization is rapidly generated by the reaction with formaldehyde solution and potassium permanganate. B. Use UV irradiation disinfection. However, in practice, some specialized households due to improper operation, resulting in unnecessary waste and seed failure. In the A method, some professional households are not sure about the amount of potassium permanganate and formaldehyde, which is wasteful and unsafe (because potassium permanganate is too easy to cause explosion). Sterilization of the use of vaccination room due to formaldehyde vapor can not be promptly cleared and stimulate the nose, harmful to health. The correct method of disinfection should be m ~ 3 space with 15mL formaldehyde solution and 5g potassium permanganate mixed fumigation. Prior to inoculation operation, the bottle with ammonia water is allowed to shake for several times in the inoculation room to eliminate the pungent odor. Take care not to spill ammonia on the ground when shaking. In the B method, some professional households with UV lamp irradiation time is too short, according to immediately open the fluorescent lamp for vaccination, so disinfection is not complete, not complete, according to immediately open the fluorescent light is also easy to light, can not guarantee the cleanliness of the vaccination room. To do this with ultraviolet light irradiation time can not be too short,