产业升级的“结构优化”和“创新升级”在量化关系上都可以归结为经济系统结构比例的变化。发展经济学和经济增长理论所关注的主题就是这些结构比例之间的关系。但是由于传统理论局限于结构固化和完全弹性的极端情况,致使产业升级研究缺乏一般性分析框架。马克思市场价值理论可以提供一个包容“有限伸缩性”的动态分析框架。本文尝试概括这一框架,简析产业升级过程,并以我国为例进行简要的实证检验。 The “structural optimization” of industrial upgrading and “innovation upgrading” can be attributed to the changes in the proportions of the economic system structure in quantitative relations. The theme of development economics and economic growth theory is the relationship between these structural proportions. However, due to the limitation of traditional theory to the extreme cases of structural solidification and complete elasticity, the research on industrial upgrading lacks a general analytical framework. Marxist theory of market value can provide a dynamic analytical framework that contains “limited scalability.” This article attempts to summarize this framework, analyze the process of industrial upgrading, and take China as an example to conduct a brief empirical test.