论文部分内容阅读
【目的】为了探究桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)雄成虫的嗅觉学习能力。【方法】本研究采用经典性嗅觉条件反射训练法(classical olfactory conditioning)在室内对固定的羽化后14-17日龄的桔小实蝇雄成虫进行气味与食物的联合学习训练,即薄荷精油和10%蔗糖溶液联合的奖赏性训练(appetitive conditioning)以及甲基丁香酚(methyl eugenol,ME)和饱和盐溶液联合的惩罚性训练(aversive conditioning),并以伸喙反射行为(proboscis extension reflex,PER)作为学习与否的判定标准。【结果】经过奖赏性训练后,桔小实蝇雄成虫对薄荷精油的伸喙反射率可从0%增加至68%;而经过惩罚性训练后,桔小实蝇对甲基丁香酚的伸喙反射率可从100%降低至36.54%,且这种伸喙反射率的变化是通过气味条件刺激(conditioned stimulus)和食物非条件刺激(unconditioned stimulus)的对称性联合而产生的。【结论】结果表明,桔小实蝇雄性成虫具有较强的联系性嗅觉学习能力,并且两种刺激的联合是形成学习记忆的必要条件。
【Objective】 To explore the olfactory learning ability of adult male Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). 【Method】 In this study, the classical olfactory conditioning training was used to train the male and female adults of 14-thirteen-day-old Pestalotiopsis viviparum in the laboratory to study the combination of odor and food, that is, peppermint oil and 10% sucrose solution combined with appetitive conditioning and aversive conditioning in combination with methyl eugenol (ME) and saturated saline, and proboscis extension reflex (PER ) As a learning criterion or not. 【Result】 The results showed that after the reward training, the dorsal-femur reflexes of male adult adults of M. petiole increased from 0% to 68%. After punitive training, Beak reflectivity can be reduced from 100% to 36.54%, and the change in reflexes of this stretch beak is produced by a combination of the symmetry of conditioned stimulus and food unconditioned stimulus. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that male adults of Trichosanthes nitsch had strong contact learning ability of olfactory learning, and the combination of the two stimuli was the necessary condition for the formation of learning and memory.