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1 前 言 日本血吸虫病是我国长江中下游地区及大山区的主要公共卫生学问题之一。建国五十多年以来,各级政府对血吸虫病防治极为重视,为该病的防治投入了大量的人力和物力,疫区普遍建立了血吸虫病防治机构,配备了专业技术人员,国家对血吸虫病的查治和预防全部免费。 由于种种原因,目前,我国血吸虫病防治专业机构普遍面临着经费不足、设备落后等一系列问题。近年来,部分血防单位在开展血防活动时,开始采取向居民部分或全部收费和分摊血防义务工的方法,以弥补经费和人力的不足。为了解这种做法的实际状况和可能对卫生资源使用公平性带来的影响,我们于1999年12月对湖南省洞庭湖血吸虫病疫区居民血防
1 Introduction Schistosoma japonicum is one of the major public health problems in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the mountainous areas in China. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China for more than 50 years, governments at all levels attach great importance to the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis, putting a great deal of manpower and material resources into the prevention and treatment of the disease. Schistosomiasis prevention and control institutions have been established in affected areas in general and are equipped with professional and technical personnel. Search and prevention are all free. Due to various reasons, at present, the professional institutions for the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in our country generally face a series of problems such as lack of funds and equipment backwardness. In recent years, some blood-protection units have begun to take some or all of the methods of charging residents and distributing blood-resistant volunteers to make up for their lack of funding and manpower when carrying out blood-control activities. In order to understand the actual status of this practice and the possible impact on the fairness of the use of health resources, we conducted a survey on the bloodsheds of residents of the schistosomiasis area in Dongting Lake, Hunan Province, in December 1999