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一引言以往,抽水蓄能电站多采用水泵和水轮机分离设置的方式,近二、三十年来,更多的电站装设可逆式水泵水轮机。可逆式水泵水轮机,一般作成可调导叶型式。现代大电网中,也有利用固定导叶的水泵水轮机,发电功率完全随实际运行水头而变。为了获得较高的水头和扬程,一般作成多级式。除了高水头水泵水轮机以外,50米以下的少数情况也采用水泵水轮机,例如瑞士爱雪维斯公司为西班牙装置了二台可逆式水泵水轮机,在25米的情况下,水轮机输出功率和水泵输
I. INTRODUCTION In the past, the pumped-storage power plants mostly adopted the method of separating the pumps and turbines. In the past two or three decades, more power stations have installed reversible pump turbines. Reversible pump turbine, generally made of adjustable guide vane type. In modern large power grids, there are also pump turbines that utilize fixed guide vanes, and the power generation varies completely with the actual operating head. In order to obtain a higher head and head, usually made of multi-level. In addition to high-head pump turbines, pump turbines are also used in the few cases up to 50 meters. For example, Aisles Wisconsin has installed two reversing pump turbines for Spain. At 25 meters, the turbine output and water pump output