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目的对蒙山不同海拔高度蚊虫群落结构特点进行比较研究。方法在对蒙山3个不同海拔高度的蚊虫群落进行调查的基础上,选用有关生物群落结构的特点,如丰富度、种多样性、种间相遇机率、均匀度、生物量、种群密度6个指标对不同海拔高度的蚊虫群落结构进行比较分析研究,并对其蚊虫群落的相似性指数做相关性处理。结果调查中捕获成蚊及由幼虫孵化来的成虫共计2013只,其中在200～300m处1724只,约占85%,700～800m处257只,约占13%,而在1156m的山顶处仅32只,约占2%。上述6个指标在200～300m处依次分别为13、0.345、0.272、0.310、1.20、1724;在700～800m处分别为12、0.417、0.443、0.417,0.18、257;在1156m处分别为9、0.677、0.845、0.750、0.06、32。700～800m处和1156m处的蚊虫群落结构相似性指数较高,其值为0.3625;其次为200～300m处和700～800m处,为0.1852;200～300m处和1156m处的相似性指数最低,为0.1452,相隔距离越近,相似性越大,反之亦然,这与实际调查结果相一致。结论不同海拔高度蚊虫群落的多样性有明显的不同,越是接近蒙山底部,蚊虫的丰富度、种群密度、生物量增大,而蚊种的多样性指数、种间相遇机率和均匀度因有优势蚊种的存在而逐渐降低,反之亦然。这对研究蚊虫群落结构特点有一定的指导意义。
Objective To compare the structural characteristics of mosquitoes at different altitudes in Mengshan Mountain. Methods Based on the investigation of three mosquito communities at different altitudes in Mengshan Mountain, the characteristics of biotic community structures such as abundance, species diversity, probability of inter-species encounter, evenness, biomass and population density were selected Indicators were comparatively studied on mosquito community structures at different altitudes, and the similarity index of mosquito community was dealt with. Results A total of 2013 adult mosquitoes and adult larvae hatched from the survey were collected, of which 1724 were from 200 to 300 m, accounting for 85% and 257 from 700 to 800 m, accounting for 13% of the total. Only 1156 m 32, accounting for about 2%. The above six indexes are respectively 13,0.345,0.272,0.310,1.20,1724 at 200-300m, 12,0.417,0.443,0.417,0.18,257 at 700-800m, 9 at 1156m, 0.677,0.845,0.750,0.06,32.700 ~ 800m and 1156m mosquito community structure similarity index is higher, the value of 0.3625; followed by 200 ~ 300m and 700 ~ 800m, 0.1852; 200 ~ 300m At 1156m, the similarity index was the lowest at 0.1452. The closer the distance was, the greater the similarity and vice versa, which was consistent with the actual findings. Conclusion The diversity of mosquito community is obviously different at different altitudes. The closer to the bottom of Meng Mountain, the higher the mosquitoes ’abundance, population density and biomass are, while the mosquito species’ diversity index, interspecies encounter probability and evenness factor The presence of dominant mosquito species gradually decreases, and vice versa. This study of mosquito community structure has some guiding significance.