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本文分析了在东道国政府使用外资政策(对外资持股比例的管制)和环境政策(排污费)对某一产业进行管制的情况下,环境政策对外资的最优持股比例的效果和外资政策对环境质量的效果。本文指出,如果两国的企业间在环境技术上的差距较大(较小),那么通过举办合资企业以引进先进的环境技术会改善(恶化)东道国的环境状况。本文还指出,对合资企业控制权的不同会带来环境状况的重大区别。当外资方控股时,放松对外资持股比例的管制会加剧环境污染;而在东道国企业控股时,如果企业间环境技术上的差距较小,那么放松对外资持股比例的管制可以减轻东道国的环境污染。本文进一步指出,在外资方控股的情况下,当外资企业和东道国企业的产品差异化程度极高时,东道国政府对环境管制的强化会降低外资的最优持股比例;而东道国的市场规模和两国企业之间环境技术上的差距则会提高外资持股比例。
This article analyzes the effects of the environmental policy on the optimal shareholding of foreign capital and foreign investment policies under the control of a host country by the government of the host country using foreign investment (controlling the proportion of foreign ownership) and the environmental policy (sewage charges) Effect on the quality of the environment. The paper points out that if the environmental technology gap between enterprises in the two countries is larger (smaller), the introduction of advanced environmental technologies through joint ventures will improve (worsen) the host country’s environmental conditions. The article also points out that the different control over the joint venture will bring about a significant difference in the state of the environment. When foreign-owned parties control, relaxing restrictions on the proportion of foreign-invested shares will aggravate environmental pollution; while in host-state enterprises, if there is less environmental and technological difference between enterprises, the easing of the control over the proportion of foreign-invested shares may reduce the Environmental pollution. This paper further points out that under the circumstance of controlling by foreign parties, when the degree of product differentiation between foreign-funded enterprises and host country enterprises is extremely high, the strengthening of environmental regulation by host governments will reduce the optimal proportion of foreign-owned shares; while the market scale of host countries The environmental technology gap between the two countries will increase the proportion of foreign ownership.