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当前,英国煤矿每年要掘进600多公里的巷道,比较爱采用的掘进方法是使用悬臂式巷道掘进机,但是这种掘进机不能有效地切割硬岩,因而,其使用范围受到限制。研究表明,水射流能提高机械式切齿的切割性能。在美国能源开发部的配合下,我们研制了一台装在掘进机上的水射流原型样机。根据现场试验所取得的满意结果,又导致了试验样机的发展,以便能在井下进行全面的试验。本文介绍了截至目前为止,这项工程的发展情况以及在制造一台真正可用的掘进机之前尚待解决的一些工程问题。
At present, Britain’s coal mines tunnel more than 600 kilometers of tunnels each year. The preferred method of tunneling is to use cantilevered roadheaders, but this type of roadheaders can not effectively cut hard rock and therefore its use is limited. Research shows that water jet can improve the cutting performance of mechanical incisors. With the cooperation of the US Department of Energy Development, we have developed a prototype of a water jet mounted on a roadheader. Satisfactory results obtained from the field tests have led to the development of test prototypes so that full downhole testing can be conducted. This article describes the development of the project so far and some of the engineering issues that remain to be solved before making a truly usable roadheader.