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合同精神(或称契约精神)是资本主义社会的重要支柱。在合同精神下,社会各成员之间的合作不是依赖于各人的善意,而是预先制定好的规则。而法制就是各种合同得以实施的保障。既然合同在社会运行中不可或缺,如何制定好的合同就很重要了。在经济学中,这被称为合同理论(contract theory)。2016年的诺贝尔经济学奖,就是表彰哈特和霍姆斯特罗姆在合同理论中的贡献。两人分别是哈佛大学和麻省理工学院的经济学教授。
The contractual spirit (or contractual spirit) is an important pillar of capitalist society. Under the spirit of the contract, the cooperation among all members of society does not depend on the goodwill of everybody, but on pre-setting good rules. The legal system is the guarantee of the implementation of various contracts. Since contracts are indispensable to the operation of society, it is important how to make a good contract. In economics, this is called contract theory. The 2016 Nobel Prize for Economics honors Hart and Holmström in their contract theory. They are Professor of Economics at Harvard University and MIT respectively.