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通过在高强硅粉砂浆材料模型中预制特定倾角和特定尺寸的单裂隙,以常规三轴压缩试验为手段,研究单裂隙试样的破坏特性。试验中观察到3类典型的裂纹,即拉伸型裂纹(Ⅰ型)、滑移型裂纹(Ⅱ型)和撕开型裂纹(Ⅲ型),其中Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型裂纹在三维试验中普遍存在,Ⅰ型裂纹仅在部分试件中观察到;三轴压缩条件下试样的破裂模式有3种,即拉剪复合破坏、“X”型的剪切破坏和沿裂隙面的剪切破坏。试验结果表明:三轴压缩条件下的单裂隙试样的裂隙扩展规律与预制裂隙关系密切,围压是试样宏观破裂模式的主要影响因素,预制裂隙长度主要影响裂隙扩展的规模,预制裂隙倾角则是新裂隙起裂的诱因。
The fracture characteristics of the single fracture specimens were studied by conventional triaxial compression tests by prefabrication of single fractures with specific dip angle and specific size in the high-strength silica mortar material model. Three types of typical cracks were observed in the experiment, namely, tensile type Ⅰ, slipping type Ⅱ and rip type Ⅲ, of which type Ⅱ and Ⅲ were common in the three-dimensional test There are three types of cracks in the specimens under triaxial compression: tensile and shear composite failure, shear failure of “X” type and shear failure along the fracture surface Cut damaged. The experimental results show that the crack propagation law of single crack specimen under triaxial compression is closely related to the prefabricated crack. The confining pressure is the main influence factor of macro fracture mode. The length of prefabricated crack mainly affects the scale of crack propagation, It is a new cause of crack initiation.